新生小鼠皮肤发育与毛囊发生的组织形态学变化及分期  

Histomorphological changes and stage development of the skin and hair follicle in neonatal mice

作　　者：施恩 刘英芹 Shi En;Liu Ying-qin(School of Nursing and Health, Qingdao Huaihai University, Qingdao 264273, Shandong Province,China;School of Basic Medicine, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛黄海学院护理与健康学院,山东省青岛市266427 [2]桂林医学院基础医学院,广西壮族自治区桂林市541000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2017年第36期5812-5817,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:虽然小鼠皮肤在胚胎期的形态学形成和生长发育的规律已有较多报道,但对出生后小鼠皮肤发育与毛囊发生的组织形态学演变过程的差异性尚未被完全揭示。目的:分析新生小鼠皮肤发育与毛囊发生的组织形态学变化过程及其规律。方法:采用常规石蜡包埋切片和苏木精-伊红染色技术,应用Image J软件测量分析小鼠出生后第1-12天背部皮肤厚度;在光学显微镜下观察毛囊的组织形态结构,统计毛囊及"囊泡样"结构的数量;根据毛囊发生特点分为4期,并与Ralf Paus分期对比分析。结果与结论:(1)第1-4天为毛囊形成早期,小鼠出生后当天皮肤最薄为(405.36±26.60)μm,皮下无脂肪组织,表皮层可见少许基板毛球;(2)第2天皮肤明显增厚为(927.11±27.25)μm,真皮成纤维细胞增多,基板角质细胞从表皮基底膜下移,形成毛乳头;(3)第3,4天皮肤变薄(738.60±82.07)μm,毛囊增多,毛球膨大,真皮根鞘覆盖真皮层;(4)第5-7天毛囊形成中期,第5天皮肤再次增厚,第7天达峰值(2 369.57±34.06)μm,毛囊及"囊泡样"结构数量增多,毛球增多,其近端部分突出,真皮内根鞘伸入表皮层形成毛根,真皮根鞘分化形成外根鞘,内根鞘延伸到深层,形成完全封闭的毛发矩阵;(5)第8,9天毛囊形成后期,皮肤厚度分别下降至(1 743.37±75.05)μm和(1 987.07±18.65)μm,毛乳头被毛母质所包围,毛管、毛干逐渐形成,毛干顶端通过毛管长出内根鞘,内根鞘进入毛发深层,形成更多毛根;(6)第10-12天毛囊成熟期,皮肤厚度增加至(2 399.33±27.00)μm,毛囊及"囊泡样"结构数量均达到近30个,毛干长度加大,达到皮下肌肉层,毛干通过毛管向上生长并穿过表皮层形成肉眼可见的完整毛发;(7)结果表明,新生小鼠背部皮肤发育与毛囊发生存在同步性和非同步性,呈向上的曲线形。毛囊发生分化过程存在非均衡性和差异性,毛囊分期对观察毛囊发生分化过程有实用价值。BACKGROUND:There are many researches on the mouse skin morphology and development in embryonic period,but we have a poor understanding of the histomorphological evolution process of the skin and hair follicle after birth.OBJECTIVE:To explore the morphological changes and rules of the newborn mouse skin and hair follicle development.METHODS:The thickness of the back skin from the1-12-day-old mice was analyzed using Image J software through conventional paraffin-embedded section and hematoxylin-eosin staining methods.The morphology of the hair follicle was observed under an optical microscope,and the number of hair follicles and vesicle-shaped structures were recorded.The development of hair follicles according to the developmental characteristics was divided into four periods,in comparison with Ralf Paus staging.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:On the early stage of hair follicle formation(1-4days),the newborn mice appeared with thinnest skin[(405.36±26.60)μm in thickness]on the day of birth,and there was no adipose tissue in hypodermis and few hair bulbs in epidermis.On day2,the skin was thickened to(927.11±27.25)μm,with more dermal fibroblasts,and the horny cells from the stratum basale migrated to forming hair papilla.On days3-4,the skin was thinned to(738.60±82.07)μm,increasing hair follicles and expanded hair bulbs were observed,with the dermis covered by dermal sheath.On the middle stage of hair follicle formation(5-7days),the skin was thickened again on day5,and became thickest[(2369.57±34.06)μm in thickness]on day7,there were increased number of hair follicles,hair bulbs and vesicle-shaped structures,the internal dermal sheath was extended into the epidermis to form hair roots,the dermal sheath was differentiated into external root sheath,and the internal root sheath extended deeply to form a closed germinal matrix.On the later stage of hair follicle formation(8-9days),the skin thickness was decreased to(1743.37±75.05)μm on day8and(1987.07±18.65)μm on day9;the hair papilla was surrounded by hair matrix;h

关 键 词：组织构建 组织工程 新生小鼠皮肤 毛囊 组织形态学 分期 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]