香港地区2013—2016年地基GPS大气可降水量与实际降雨量的比较  

Comparison between GPS-derived precipitable water vapor and rainfall during 2013 to 2016 over Hong Kong

作　　者：徐晓华[1,2] 刘宏康 罗佳 XU Xiaohua;LIU Hongkang;LUO Jia(School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079 , China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Technology, Wuhan 430079 , China;Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079 , China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430079 [2]地球空间信息技术协同创新中心,湖北武汉430079 [3]地球空间环境与大地测量教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《国防科技大学学报》2017年第5期14-20,44,共8页Journal of National University of Defense Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41374036);国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2013CB733302)

摘　　要：在利用欧洲中尺度天气预报中心(ECMWF)的数据对由GPS观测资料计算的大气可降水量(PWV)进行精度评定的基础上,基于谐波分析的方法对香港地区不同方位5个测站2013—2016年连续4年的PWV(GPS)和实际降雨量进行比较。结果表明,地基PWV(GPS)相对于PWV(ECMWF)月均值的均方根在1.02~3.07 mm之间,偏差在-2.14~2.52 mm之间。地基PWV(GPS)和实际降雨量都呈现明显的周期性,两者每年峰值出现的时间有非常一致的对应关系。PWV的峰值出现在7月,振幅在14.65mm与16.79 mm之间;实际降雨量峰值同样出现在7月,振幅在147.64 mm与211.01 mm之间。5个测站PWV年增长率为正表明,近4年香港地区PWV呈现出增长的趋势;而实际降雨量年增长率除HKOH测站为正外,其余站点均为负,总体呈现出逐年减少的趋势。The atmospheric PWV(precipitable water vapor)was derived from GPS observations of5stations over Hong Kong during four years from2013to2016and the accuracy of PWV(GPS)was assessed with PWV(ECMWF).Based on harmonic analysis,thePWV(GPS)was then compared with rainfall.Taking PWV(ECMWF)monthly means as reference,results show that the RMS(root mean square)of PWV(GPS)monthly means is between1.02mm and3.07mm and the bias is between-2.14mm and2.52mm.Both PWV and rainfall have similar periodic characteristics.The peaks of PWV occur in July with amplitudes varying between14.65mm and16.79mm.And the peaks of rainfall also occur in July and the amplitudes are between147.64mm and211.01mm.The annual increase rate of PWV is positive at each GPS station,which indicates that the PWV over Hong Kong has an increasing trend during the past4years.While the annual increase rate of the actual rainfall is negative except in HKOH station,which means a decreasing trend during the4years.

关 键 词：全球定位系统 大气可降水量 实际降雨量 谐波分析 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]