延安市区果树园林植物介壳虫调查及农药田间试验  

Investigation on Coccoidea of Fruit Tree and Garden Plant of Yan'an and Chemical Control Effect of Test in the Field

作　　者：李春霞[1] 党云萍[1] 李宏飞[1] 刘东雄[1] 刘来喜[1] LI Chun-xia;DANG Yun-ping;LI Hong-fei;LIU Dong-xiong;LIU Lai-xi(Yan 'an Vocational and Technical College,Yan 'an,Shaanxi 716000)

机构地区：[1]延安职业技术学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2017年第10期51-56,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：延安市科学技术研究发展计划资助项目(2015KN-05)

摘　　要：为有效控制介壳虫危害,2012-2017年对延安市果树园林植物主要介壳虫种类及危害现状进行了调查。选用40%杀扑·嘧磷·噻(狂杀蚧)乳油1 000倍液、25%噻嗪酮(蚧严)悬浮剂500倍液、4%阿维·啶虫咪乳油1 000倍液、40%啶虫咪·毒死蜱(蚧必治)乳油800倍液对发生最严重的桑白蚧、球坚蚧和紫薇绒蚧3种介壳虫进行田间防效试验,7d后进行防效调查。同时对3种介壳虫进行了周年化学防治试验。结果表明:有7种介壳虫危害果树园林植物,初步掌握了延安市介壳虫的种类和发生情况。田间防效表现为狂杀蚧达到93.76%,蚧严83.96%、4%阿维·啶虫咪防效达到79.92%、蚧必治达到91.19%,这说明4种药剂都有较好的防治效果,其中最好的药剂为狂杀蚧1 000倍液和40%啶虫咪·毒死蜱(蚧必治)乳油800倍液。同时周年化学防治技术试验也取得了显著效果。2016年7月1日调查结果显示,3种介壳虫虫口密度大幅度减低,其中降低幅度最大的是紫薇绒蚧,其次是球坚蚧,再次是桑白蚧。2016年11月30日调查结果显示,在冬季和初春采用毛刷蘸石硫合剂液体刷掉和捏杀枝干上的虫体,可大大降低虫口基数,为后面的防治起到很好的作用。2017年5月15日调查显示,紫薇树上没有介壳虫,碧桃树上的球坚蚧活虫率为0.66%,桃树上桑白蚧存活率为1.79%。In order to select the new and effective drugs to effectively control the scale insect harm,the main Coccoidea species and harm were investigated in fruit tree and garden plant in urban and downtown of Yan’an from2012to2017year.Four kinds of chemical pesticides such as40%methidathion-pirimiphos-ethyl·buprofezin EC1000×,25%buprofezin SC500×,4%avermectin-acetamiprid EC1000×,40%acetamiprid-chlorpyrifos EC800×were choosed and tested to control for the most severe of Pseudaulacaspis pentagona(Targioni Tozzetti),Didesmococcus koreanus Borchs and Eriococcus legerstroemiae Kuwana in the field.At the same time in order to find a better prevention and control technology,the chemical control measures were tested for three kinds of Coccoidea for more than a year.The results showed that there are7species of the main Coccoidea damage in fruit tree and garden plant,the main Coccoidea species and harm have been preliminary mastered.Investigation showed that four kinds of pesticide control efficiency for93.76%,83.96%,79.92%and91.19%respectively after7days,the result of experiment conducted in the field indicated that four pesticides of preventing Coccoidea all have good effect,and that40%methidathion-pirimiphos-ethyl·buprofezin EC1000×and40%acetamiprid-chlorpyrifos EC800×were the best and worthy commended two pesticide to control the main Coccoidea.The test result of the annual chemical control measures,also has achieved significant effect.According to the results of the survey on July1,2016,the population density of three kinds of Coccoidea species was significantly reduced,the largest reduction was Eriococcus lagerostroemiae Kuwana,the second was Didesmococcus koreanus Borchs,the third was Pseudaulacaspis pentagona(Targioni Tozzetti).According to the results of the survey on November30,2016,the use of the brush in winter and early spring to brush and kill the insect body of the branches with dipped lime sulphur could greatly reduce the population density base and play a good role in the prevention and control of the l

关 键 词：延安市区 果树园林 介壳虫 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]