单楔形掏槽爆破腔体时空演化及应用  

Temporal-spatial evolution and application of blasting cavity of single wedge cutting

作　　者：胡建华[1,2] 杨春 周科平[1,2] 周炳任 张绍国[3] HU Jianhua;YANG Chun;ZHOU Keping;周炳任;ZHANG Shaoguo(School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Exploitation and Hazard Control for Deep Metal Mines,Changsha 410083, China;Guangxi Huaxi Group Co. Ltd., Hechi 547200, China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]湖南省深部金属矿开发与灾害控制重点实验室,湖南长沙410083 [3]广西华锡集团股份有限公司,广西河池547200

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第12期3309-3315,共7页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2015BAB12B01);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0602901);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41672298)~~

摘　　要：为改善矿山巷道掘进掏槽爆破现状,采用AUTO CAD与ANSYS联合建模技术构建垂直单楔形掏槽爆破数值模型,运用显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA定义岩石单元失效获得掏槽腔体扩展演化过程。通过多方位剖视掏槽腔体,从时空演化角度研究垂直单楔形掏槽在铜坑矿阶段运输巷道掘进工程中的适用性。研究结果表明:AUTO CAD与ANSYS联合建模技术可克服ANSYS对于复杂模型构建的缺点,实现巷道掏槽精细化数字建模;定义岩石单元失效使得掏槽腔体演化过程更直观,整体上形成双向主次的喇叭状掏槽腔体结构,腔体空间上X和Y向呈三角形分布,Z向不同段表现出不同的形态;应力波叠加作用对孔底附近掏槽腔体形状影响显著,靠近掌子面附近腔体形态主要受炮孔空间布置方式影响,为提高爆破的效果,辅助爆破可以适当倾斜布置;垂直单楔形掏槽体积比直孔桶形掏槽体积明显增大,其有效掘进进尺2 m,效率比达91%;辅助孔与掏槽孔起爆时间应控制在毫秒级范围内。In order to change the present situation of narrow cutting cavity,the model of single wedge cutting blasting was established by combining AUTO CAD with ANSYS.The explicit dynamic software LS-DYNA was used to simulate cavity extension.From the aspects of temporal and spatial evolution with multi-direction cutaway views,the applicability of vertical single wedge cutting blasting for TONGKENG mine haulage roadway excavation was researched.The results show that joint modeling with AUTO CAD and ANSYS can overcome the shortcomings of ANSYS for complex model modeling,and achieve refined digital modeling for roadway.Cavity extension is more intuitive when elements failure is defined,which contributes to the analysis of cutting effect.The bidirectional primary and secondary trumpet-shaped cavity is formed with the outlines of triangle in horizontal and longitudinal sections.Meanwhile,there is different outlines in different vertical sections.The superposition of blasting stress waves has remarkable effect on the shape of cavity that is close to the hole bottom,and the shape of cavity near excavating face is influenced by the layout of blast holes markedly.For improving the blasting effect,the layout of auxiliary holes can be adjusted to sloping appropriately.The volume of this cavity is larger than that of the cylinder cutting.Therefore,the vertical single wedge cutting blasting is capable of improving the cutting present situation.Its footage keeps2m and efficiency ratio is91%.Furthermore,the time lag between the denotations of auxiliary holes and cutting holes should be kept in the scope of milliseconds.

关 键 词：掏槽爆破 巷道掘进 时空演化 联合建模 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]