某露天铁矿工人PM_(2.5)暴露对心肺功能的影响  

Effects of PM_(2.5) exposure on the cardio-pulmonary function of workers in an open-pit iron mine

作　　者：唐亚丽 王春鹏 王焕 韩科 张政 沈福海[2] TANG Yali;WANG Chunpeng;WANG Huan;HAN Ke;ZHANG Zheng;SHEN Fuhai(School of Public Health,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan063210;Hebei Coal Mine Health and Safety Laboratory,Tangshan063210,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北唐山063210 [2]河北省煤矿卫生与安全实验室,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《国外医学（医学地理分册）》2017年第4期343-347,共5页Foreign Medical Sciences：Section of Medgeography

基　　金：河北省重点职业病防治技术研究项目(No.13277709D)

摘　　要：目的探讨接尘工作环境下不同浓度PM_(2.5)暴露对铁矿工人心肺功能的影响。方法本研究选择某露天铁矿不同工种的接尘人员267名,按照工作环境中PM_(2.5)的浓度高低,分为暴露组和对照组,并检测两组接尘工人的血压、心电图和肺功能。结果肺功能检测指标FEV1、MMEF、PEF、PEF%、FEF75、MEF75%、FEF50%、FEF25、FEF25%在暴露组和对照组工人的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),暴露组低于对照组;暴露组和对照组均以轻中度肺损伤为主且损伤多为限制性通气障碍,暴露组与对照组异常率比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。暴露组和对照组的心电图异常以窦性心动过缓为主,两组之间患病率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。暴露组和对照组高血压患病人数比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论该露天铁矿工作环境下的PM_(2.5)对接尘工人的肺功能有损害,且以限制性通气障碍为主。PM_(2.5)对心血管系统的早期影响还不能确定。Objective To investigate the effects of different concentrations of PM25exposure on the heart and lung functions of workers.Methods A total of267dust-exposed workers doing different types of work in an open-pit iron mine were randomly selected.According to the different concentrations of PM25in the working environment,the workers were divided into exposed group and control group.The blood pressure,electrocardiogram and lung function of the two groups were compared.Results There were significant differences in the pulmonary function indexes of FEV1,MMEF,PEF,PEF%,FEF75,FEF75%,FEF50%,FEF25,and FEF25%between the two groups(P<0.05).The indexes were lower in the exposed group.Both groups had mild and moderate lung injury,most of which was restrictive ventilatory disorder.There was a statisically significant difference in the incidence rate between the two groups(P<0.05).ECG abnormalities in both groups showed sinus bradycardia,but there was no difference between the two groups in the incidence rate(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in with the incidence of hypertension between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion PM2.5exposure was harmful to pulmonary function of workers in the open-pit iron mine,and the injury was mainly ventilatory.The early effect of PM2.5on the cardiovascular system was uncertain.

关 键 词：PM2.5肺功能 血压 心电图 露天铁矿 

分 类 号：R128[医药卫生—环境卫生学]