水淹和不同贮藏方法对中华蚊母树种子萌发及其生理特征和幼苗生长活力的影响  

Effect of Submergence in Water and Different Storage Methods on Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Seeds and Seedling Growth Vigor of Distylium chinense

作　　者：李晓玲 温浩然[1,2] 程岁寒 杨进[1,2] 黄成名 Li Xiaoling;Wen Haoran;Cheng Suihan;Yang Jin;Huang Chengming(College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;Engineering Research Center of Eco environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;Three Gorges Botanical Garden, Yichang, Hubei 443111, China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学生物与制药学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡大学三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心,湖北宜昌443002 [3]三峡植物园,湖北宜昌443111

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2017年第10期2033-2041,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51209122;51779127)

摘　　要：以中华蚊母树(Distylium chinense)种子为材料,分别设置4个贮藏时间(0、30、60和90d),以及2m水淹(FSW)、低温沙藏(CSS)、低温干藏(CDS)、室温沙藏(RSS)、室温干藏(RDS)和低温层积(CSF)6个贮藏方式对种子进行贮藏实验,并测定分析各处理种子的萌发特性及其幼苗生长状况,明确不同储藏方式和时间对中华蚊母树种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:(1)CSF处理30d后,中华蚊母树的种子有65.37%发生霉烂,最后萌发种子数为贮藏种子的30.93%;FSW处理90d的种子的萌发率为35.67%。(2)室内贮藏90d后,CSS、CDS、RSS和RDS处理的种子萌发率较新鲜种子萌发率(26.37%)显著增大,并以4℃下CDS处理90d的种子萌发率最大(70.65%),萌发速率系数为1 956.97。(3)CDS处理90d的种子淀粉和蛋白质含量较新鲜种子分别降低了38.75%和20.16%,而可溶性糖含量增加了31.47%;FSW处理后的种子淀粉、蛋白质及可溶性糖含量均较新鲜种子显著降低,降幅分别为48.75%、62.62%和6.29%。(4)不同贮藏方式贮藏90d后,各处理间中华蚊母树幼苗的生长活力表现出显著差异,并以CDS处理的幼苗活力最高,而FSW处理的种子萌发后幼苗的活力显著低于其他贮藏方式。研究表明,低温条件下中华蚊母树种子萌发率及幼苗活力显著高于室温贮藏,可能是在低温贮藏条件下种子的贮藏物质由淀粉水解为可溶性糖,更利于种子吸收并为种子萌发提供了能量,从而加快了破除种子生理休眠的进程,而且中华蚊母树种子对水淹有一定的耐受性,故中华蚊母树可以作为三峡水库消落带高海拔区域植被恢复与重建优先考虑的物种。In order to better understand the effects of different storage methods and duration on the seed germination and seedling growth of Distylium chinense,we used freshly mature seeds of D.chinense,to study seed germination by setting up4different storage durations(0,30,60,90days),and6storage methods:field submergence in water(2m)(FSW),cold sand storage(CSS),cold dry storage(CDS),room sand storage(RSS),room dry storage(RDS),cold stratification(CSF).The characteristics of seed germination and seedling growth status were studied.The results showed:(1)there were65.37%of seeds mildewed by CSF for30days,and the germination rate was30.93%in the last;The germination rate was35.67%by FSW for90days.(2)The germination rate of CSS,CDS,RSS and RDS were significantly higher than fresh seeds(26.37%)(P<0.05),and CDS under4℃for90days got the highest germination rate(70.65%),with the coefficient of germination rate was1956.97.(3)Compared with fresh seeds,the contents of starch and protein of seeds by CDS for90days decreased by38.75%and20.16%,respectively,while content of total soluble sugar increased by31.47%.Contents of starch,protein and total soluble sugar of seeds by FSW for90days significantly decreased by48.75%,62.62%and6.29%,respectively.(4)The seedling growth status showed significant difference(P<0.05)between different storage methods after90days,and the CDS got the highest seedling vigor index,while the seedling vigor index of FSW was significantly lower than that of other storage methods after seed germinated.The results showed that seed germination rate and seedling vigor index of D.chinense under low temperature condition were significantly higher than that of room temperature.The possible reasons were that the storage substance of seed is hydrolyzed with the protein content decreased and the soluble sugar content increased under low temperature storage condition,which is more favorable for seed absorption of soluble sugar and provides energy for seed germination,so as to accelerate the process of the breaking seed phys

关 键 词：中华蚊母树 水淹 室内贮藏 种子萌发 生态适应策略 

分 类 号：Q945.66[生物学—植物学] Q945.79