Understanding the lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms of obligate biotrophic fungi in wheat:The emerging genomics era  

作　　者：Chunlei Tang Qiang Xu Mengxin Zhao Xiaojie Wang Zhensheng Kang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University

出　　处：《The Crop Journal》2018年第1期60-67,共8页作物学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB127700);National Natural ScienceFoundation of China (31371882, 31401693);the 111 Project of the Ministry of Education of China (B07049)

摘　　要：Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms,and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.Obligate biotrophic fungi cause serious and widespread diseases of crop plants, but are challenging to investigate because they cannot be cultured in vitro. The two economically important groups of biotrophic fungi parasitizing wheat are the rust and powdery mildew pathogens, but their obligate biotrophic lifestyles and pathogenicity mechanisms are not well understood at the molecular level. With the advent of next generation sequencing technology, increasing numbers of pathogen genomes are becoming available. Research in plant pathology has entered a new genomics era. This review summarizes recent progress in understanding the biology and pathogenesis of biotrophic fungal pathogens attacking wheat based on pathogen genomics. We particularly focus on the three wheat rust and the powdery mildew fungi in regard to genome sequencing, avirulence gene cloning, effector discovery, and pathogenomics. We predict that coordinated study of both wheat and its pathogens should reveal new insights in biotrophic adaptation, pathogenicity mechanisms,and population dynamics of these fungi that will assist in development of new strategies for breeding wheat varieties with durable resistance.

关 键 词：Common WHEAT Biotrophic FUNGUS PATHOGENICITY Pathogenomics Powdery MILDEW RUST 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]