钢筋下料问题的数学规划模型  

The mathematical programming model in steel bar cutting

作　　者：张玉岩 闻佳 宋桂兰 董翠 宋志慧 张鲁玺 ZHANG Yu-yan;WEN Jia;SONG Gui-lan;DONG Cui;SONG Zhi-hui;ZHANG Lu-xi(Goollege of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua 152061, China)

机构地区：[1]绥化学院农业与水利工程学院,黑龙江绥化152061

出　　处：《渤海大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期348-355,共8页Journal of Bohai University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：黑龙江省大学生创新训练项目(No:201610236030);绥化学院2015年科学技术项目(No:K1501006)

摘　　要：钢筋混凝土结构在建筑工程中被广泛应用.钢筋由于具有强韧性和可弯曲的特点,无法被其它的材料所替代,在建筑结构中发挥着重要的作用.随着建筑规模的不断扩大,钢筋已经成为建筑结构的核心组成部分,并推动建筑结构不断向深度、高度和广度发展.由于钢筋的单位成本较高,且用量大,其造价是建筑施工管理过程中成本控制的关键,也是决定一个项目能否获得效益的重要因素.钢筋下料问题不但影响建筑工程的质量,还会影响工程的进度.钢筋的过度消耗不但是一种浪费,而且在一定程度上造成成本过高,因而优化钢筋下料问题可以帮助施工单位有效地避免浪费、降低工程成本和提高经济效益.本文针对建筑工程中的钢筋下料问题进行了系统地研究,建立了对应的线性规划模型和非线性整数规划模型,并利用LINDO和LINGO软件对模型进行求解,其结果表明该模型能够有效地提高钢筋的利用率和控制工程成本.The reinforced concrete structure is widely used in the constructional engineering.Due to the toughness and flexible characteristics,the steel bar cannot be taken over by other materials,and plays important role in architectural structure.With the expansion of architectural scale,the steel bar has become the key component in architectural structure,and promotes its development in depth,height and breadth.Because the steel bar has high prize in unit volume,and followed with large usage,its cost has become the key point in cost control during management process,which also is an important factor to decide whether a project could gain some profit.The problem in steel bar cutting not only affects the quality of constructional engineering,but also decides working process.The excessive consumption of steel bar could lead to a waste,and makes the cost much higher.Hence,it is necessary to optimize the problem in steel bar cutting,which can effectively avoid the waste,lower the cost and get a higher profit.In this paper,we have done some studies on steel bar cutting,constructed the linear and no-linear programming models,and seek the optimal scheme by utilizing the software of LINDO and LINGO.The optimal scheme gotten from mathematical programming model show that our model could effectively improves the utilization ratio of steel bar and control over the engineering cost.

关 键 词：运筹学 线性规划 非线性规划 钢筋下料 

分 类 号：O221[理学—运筹学与控制论]