基于福建省冬季低温分型的台湾青枣寒冻害特征  

Cold and freezing injury characteristics of Taiwan-based Zizyphus mauritiana based on winter low temperature classification in Fujian Province

作　　者：彭继达[1] 马治国[1] 杨凯[1] PENG Jida;MA Zhiguo;YANG Kai(Meteorology Science Institute in Fujian,Fuzhou,Fujian 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省气象科学研究所,福建福州350001

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2017年第4期270-275,共6页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201406027);福建省气象局青年科技专项(2016q08)资助项目

摘　　要：为减少福建省引种台湾青枣寒冻害损失,根据气象资料、寒冻害形态学标准以及寒冻害试验灾情样本,采用低温分型进行分类,确定了平流型、辐射型和混合型3种低温类型下的台湾青枣寒冻害低温指标特征。结果表明,不同类型的低温与寒冻害等级间均有显著的负相关关系;不同低温类型下,出现寒冻害的临界温度阈值依次为:辐射型≤无分型≤平流型≤混合型;在轻级(1级)寒冻害区间,同一低温强度下平流型和辐射型青枣寒冻害程度较接近,均较混合型寒冻害轻;在中级(2级)寒冻害区间,同一低温强度下平流型青枣寒冻害程度较混合型轻,辐射型青枣寒冻害程度介于二者之间;在重、严重级(3、4级)寒冻害区间,同一低温强度下辐射型、混合型、平流型青枣寒冻害程度依次减轻。以漳州市平和县寒冻害个例进行验证表明,低温分型寒冻害等级指标与实际寒冻害等级对比印证的准确率为75%;低温分型寒冻害等级指标准确率较无低温分型寒冻害等级指标高。In order to reduce cold and freezing injury of Taiwan-based Zizyphus mauritiana,the cold and freezing injury of Z.mauritiana was characteristics based on low-temperature index of meteorological data,cold and freezing injury data,and morphological classification standard of cold and freezing injury of Z.mauritiana in Fujian Province.The cold and freezing injury indicators of Z.mauritiana were characterized under three low temperature types,namely,advection,radiation,and mixed type.The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the low temperatures of three types and the cold and freezing injury grade,and the critical temperature threshold of cold and freezing injury under different low temperature types was as follows:radiation type≤non-type≤advection type≤mixed type;at the light injury grade(LevelⅠ)and same low temperature,the injury degree of advection type and the radiation type was close,but was less severe than that of the mixed type.At the moderate injury grade(LevelⅡ)and same low temperature,the injury degree of advection type was less serious than mixed type and the radiation type was between the two types.At the severe and most severe injury grades(LevelsⅢandⅣ)and same low temperature,the cold and freezing injury degrees of radiation type,mixed type and advection type were in turn reduced.The grade index of this research was verified by the disastrous cold and freezing injury of Z.mauritiana in Pinghe County of Zhangzhou City with an accuracy rate of more than75%;and the accuracy of freezing injury index under low temperature classification was higher than that without low temperature classification.

关 键 词：台湾青枣 寒冻害 低温分型 寒冻害指标 福建省 

分 类 号：S166[农业科学—农业气象学]