“第三方规制”:现在与未来  

The Third Party Regulation:the Present and the Future

作　　者：刘亚平[1] 游海疆[2,3] Liu Yaping;You Haijiang(Sun Yat-Sen University, School of Government, Guangzhou Guangdong 510275;Fujian Normal University, School of Public Administration, Fuzhou Fujian 350000)

机构地区：[1]中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院 [2]福建师范大学 [3]中山大学政治与公共学院

出　　处：《宏观质量研究》2017年第4期109-120,共12页Journal of Macro-quality Research

摘　　要：第三方规制作为私人治理的一种形式,正在发挥着日益重要的作用。本文尝试厘清什么是第三方规制及其相对于其他规制形式的优势。基于文献梳理,本文认为,第三方规制是相对于自由市场中买方与卖方之外的第三方,即独立于被规制企业(第一方)和顾客(第二方)的私人主体对企业行为的约束。第三方规制在资源、专业、信息和多样化方面具有优势,但在规制独立性、规制能力、责任性及规制成本方面则具有明显的不足。由于不再以公私治理为基本结构,第三方规制有潜力基于技术和价值引导而非公私主体固有的权限认识和职责分配,创造出一个新型的治理模式,这必然会使政府面临新的挑战。As a form of private governance,the third party regulation is playing an increasingly important role in various economic and social activities of the country.This paper attempts to clarify the concept of the third party regulation and its advantages over other forms of regulation.Based on relevant literature review,this paper argues that the third party is a private entity other than the buyer and the seller in the free market,independent of both the regulated enterprise(the first party)and its customer(the second party),from the perspective of regulation.Applying restrictions from a private subject on to the enterprise behavior,the third party regulation possesses advantages in resource,specialty,information and diversification,while suffering from a number of deficiencies in the independence,capabilities,responsibility and cost of its regulatory performance.With the public-private governance no longer being the basic structure,the third party regulation has the potential of creating an organizational structure based on technologies and values,rather than the understanding of power and distribution of responsibility inherent of a public-private body.A new mode of governance thus shaped will give rise to challenges to the government for certain functions it originally performs.

关 键 词：第三方规制 公共治理 私人治理 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] F272[政治法律—中外政治制度]