塔里木河下游珍稀濒危植物胡杨的种群生存特征研究  

Population Survival Characteristics of Populus euphratica Which Is Rare and Endangered in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River

作　　者：王希义[1] 徐海量[2] 潘存德[1] 凌红波[2] 苑塏烨 WANG Xiyi;XU Hailiang;PAN Cunde;LING Hongbo;YUAN Kaiye(Xianjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2017年第11期2282-2289,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31370551;41471099;31400466);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划(XBBS-2014-13);中国科学院特色研究所主要服务项目2课题2(TSS-2015-014-FW-2-2)

摘　　要：该研究以种群生命表和生存分析理论为基础,采用空间代替时间法和分段均滑技术,编制了塔里木河下游地区胡杨种群特定时间生命表,绘制了胡杨种群的存活曲线、死亡率曲线,并分析了种群数量动态变化过程。结果表明:(1)胡杨种群的存活曲线属于凹型,Ⅰ~Ⅲ龄级死亡率在20%以下,从Ⅲ龄级到Ⅷ龄级死亡率增加迅速,并在Ⅷ龄级达到高峰,之后一直保持在50%以上。(2)胡杨种群累积死亡率从Ⅰ~Ⅷ龄级增加了75.79%,Ⅸ~Ⅻ龄级累积死亡率仅增加5.07%,胡杨幼苗和幼树的死亡率高;种群危险率在第Ⅶ龄级已经达到0.142 3,至第Ⅻ龄级达到0.217 4,表明随着胡杨年龄的增加,危险率也增加;死亡密度在Ⅶ龄级与Ⅸ龄级之间减少了0.018 7,说明从Ⅶ龄级到Ⅸ龄级有大量的胡杨死亡。(3)胡杨种群数量动态除了受基波的影响外,在第Ⅵ龄级处还有一个明显的小周期波动,这也许与该龄级胡杨的生理特性或人为干扰有关。Based on the population life table and survival analysis theory,I used the method that space instead of time and piecewise sliding technology to create the time-specific life table of Populus euphratica population in the lower reaches of Tarim River.Then,I drew the survival curve and mortality curve of P.euphratica population,and analyzed the dynamic variation process.The results are as follows:(1)the survivorship curve of P.euphratica population was a concave;the death rate,which were all below20%inⅠ-Ⅲ,increased rapidly fromⅢtoⅧand reached the peak atⅧage-class,and maintain above50%afterⅧage-class.(2)Cumulative mortality rate of P.euphratica population increased75.79%fromⅠtoⅧage-class;However,the cumulative mortality rate formⅨtoⅫonly increased5.07%,that indicated there was a high death rate of seedling and sapling of P.euphratica population;Hazard index,which was0.1423atⅦage,was reached0.2174atⅫage,which indicated that hazard index was increased along with the increase of age of P.euphratica;The mortality density decreased0.0187that was remarkable betweenⅦage andⅨage,explained that there was amount of P.euphratica died fromⅦtoⅨ.(3)Spectral analysis of the population showed that the natural regeneration of P.euphratica population was a minor periodic change inⅥage class,that perhaps be connected with the physiological property of P.euphratica and human disturbance.

关 键 词：胡杨 种群统计 生存函数 谱分析 塔里木河下游 

分 类 号：Q948.154[生物学—植物学]