三维分级多孔炭微球的制备及在锂空气电池中的应用  

Preparation of three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon microspheres for use as a cathode material in lithium-air batteries

作　　者：杨宁[1] 胡东润 曹博凯 陈永[1] 李德[1] 陈大明[1] YANG Ning;HU Dong-run;CAO Bo-kai;CHEN Yong;LI De;CHEN Da-ming(State Key Laboratory of South China Sea Marine Resource Utilisation; Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Utilization of Si-Zr-Ti Resources, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学,南海海洋资源利用国家重点实验室,海南省硅锆钛资源综合开发与利用重点实验室,海南海口570228

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2017年第6期564-571,共8页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51162006,51362009);海南省重点项目(ZDXM2015118);国际科技合作专项(KJHZ2015-02)~~

摘　　要：以尿素与甲醛为原料,在酸性条件下沉淀聚合制备脲醛树脂微球。随后进行预氧化、高温热处理制备炭微球。探究了脲醛比、固化剂浓度对炭微球形貌、结构和比表面积的影响。采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、N_2吸附等手段对所得产品的形貌与孔结构进行了表征。结果表明:当脲醛比为1∶0.8,固化剂浓度为0.5 M时,制备得到粒径分布均一、分散性好、球形度高的炭微球。其比表面积为498 m^2·g^(-1)。通过活化处理,比表面积提高为827 m^2·g^(-1)。用于锂空气电池的正极材料,在电流密度为100 mA·g^(-1)时,首次充放电比容量达到2 017 mAh·g^(-1)和2 075 mAh·g^(-1)。Urea formaldehyde resin microspheres were prepared by a polymerization method using urea and formaldehyde as the raw materials and hydrochloric acid as the catalyst.The microspheres were pre oxidized and carbonized to obtain carbon microspheres,then activated with KOH.The morphology and pore structure of products were characterized by SEM,TEM and N2adsorption.Results indicate that the microstructure of the microspheres is highly dependent on the mass ratio of urea to formaldehyde and the concentration of hydrochloric acid.The specific surface area of the carbon microspheres is498m2·g-1,which is increased to827m2·g-1after KOH activation.When used as the electrode materials of lithium air batteries,the initial charge and discharge capacities are2017and2075mAh·g1,respectively,at a current density of100mA·g-1.

关 键 词：脲醛树脂 炭微球 活化 锂空气电池 

分 类 号：TM911.41[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]