氮肥运筹方式对不同肥力土壤油菜产量与经济性状的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Modes on Seed Yield and Economical Characters of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Planted in Different Fertility Soil

作　　者：何俊平[1] 张书芬[1] 朱家成[1] 曹金华[1] 文雁成[1] 蔡东芳[1] 赵磊[1] 王东国[1] 王建平[1] HE Jun-ping;ZHANG Shu-fen;ZHU Jia-cheng;CAO Jin-hua;WEN Yan-cheng;CAI Dong-fang;ZHAO Lei;WANG Dong-guo;WANG Jian-ping(Institute of Industrial Crops,Henan Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Oil Crops in Huanghuaihai Plains,Ministry ofAgriculture/Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Oil Crops Improvement, Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院经济作物研究所/农业部黄淮海油料作物重点实验室/河南省油料作物遗传改良重点实验室,郑州450002

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2017年第23期4489-4492,4509,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12);河南省重大科技专项(151100111200);河南省科技攻关项目(162102110011)

摘　　要：为明确油菜(Brassica napus L.)适宜的氮肥施用方式,促进油菜高产稳产,采用田间试验研究了氮肥运筹方式对丰油10号在2种不同肥力土壤中产量与经济性状的影响,并比较分析了不同肥力土壤对氮肥运筹方式响应的特点与差异。结果表明,施氮处理中的产量与相关经济性状均高于不施肥对照;施氮处理中,氮肥作基肥和越冬肥分两次施入且比例为7∶3时,油菜产量均显著高于对照且达到最高,氮肥作基肥、越冬肥与蕾薹肥分3次施入且比例为5∶3∶2时,油菜产量虽明显高于对照但均为最低。说明,充足的氮素供应是油菜苗期正常生长发育的基础,纯氮用量在192 kg/hm^2且基肥和越冬肥比例为7∶3时,能够较好的协调油菜高产与氮肥运筹利用的统一,获得较高的油菜产量。To explore the suitable method of nitrogen fertilizer application of oilseed rape(Brassica napus L.)and promote high and stable yield of oilseed rape,Feng}^ou No.10was took as experimental material in this paper.Field experiments were earned out to study nitrogen fertilizer application on seed yield and economical characters of oilseed rape planted in two different fertility soil,and to compare fertilizer response differences and characteristic of two different fertility soil to nitrogen fertilizer application.The results showed that,seed yield and related economical characters in the nitrogen fertilizer application treatments were mostly higher than the control of no fertilizer application.Among the nitrogen fertilizer application treatments,seed yield of the two soil fertility were both significantly higher than the control and reached the highest level when nitrogen fertilizer was divided into base fertilizer and overwintering fertilizer and the proportion of the two was7*3;seed yield of the two soil fertility were both obviously higher than the control and reached the lowest level when nitrogen fertilizer was divided into base fertilizer,overwintering fertilizer and bud fertilizer and the proportion of these three was5:3:2.It indicated that sufficient nitrogen was the basis for the nonnal growth and development of oilseed rape at seedling stage.The dosage of pure nitrogen was192kg/hm2and the proportion of base fertilizer and overwintering fertilizer was7*3,high yield of oilseed rape and utilization of nitrogen application mode could reach the better coordinate,higher seed yield would be obtain.

关 键 词：油菜(Brassica NAPUS L.) 氮肥运筹 产量 经济性状 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学] S147.23