基于典型工况试验的装载机循环工况构建  

Driving cycle construction of loader based on typical working condition test

作　　者：常绿 徐礼超 吕猛[2,3] 刘永臣[1] 赵艳青 Chang Lü;Xu Lichao;Lü Meng;Liu Yongchen;Zhao Yanqing(Key Laboratory for Traffic and Transportation Security of Jiangsu Province, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China;College of Energy and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016, China;Faculty of Transportation Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China)

机构地区：[1]淮阴工学院江苏省交通运输与安全保障重点建设实验室,淮安223003 [2]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016 [3]淮阴工学院交通工程学院,淮安223003

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第1期63-69,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目:51205151;江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目:BY2016061-01

摘　　要：装载机动力传动系统的设计借鉴了汽车动力传动系统的设计理念,而循环工况是汽车动力传动系统参数设计的重要参考依据。由于目前还没有装载机的循环工况,所以在设计阶段也无法利用循环工况考察其燃油经济性和动力性。根据装载机发动机功率分流情况,装载机循环工况应由装载机典型工况液压系统载荷时间历程、铲斗工作阻力时间历程、工作速度时间历程构成。针对这一情况,以ZL50装载机为例,构建了试验方案,分别试验测试了装载机液压泵消耗发动机转矩的时域波形数据,前、后传动轴消耗发动机转矩的时域波形数据,以及前传动轴转速时域波形数据。对液压系统试验获取的数据进行分段、合并、去除异常值等预处理后,采用加权求和方法,制取了典型工况液压系统载荷时间历程。应用同样的数据处理方法,分别获得典型工况工作速度时间历程,以及典型工况传动系统载荷时间历程。根据典型工况传动系统载荷时间历程,应用装载机工作过程中力的平衡方程方程,求得典型工况铲斗工作阻力时间历程。典型工况液压系统载荷时间历程、铲斗工作阻力时间历程、工作速度时间历程组合在一起,共同构成装载机循环工况。应用该循环工况,虚拟试验ZL50装载机燃油经济性,与实车试验结果的一致性较好,构建的循环工况可行。装载机循环工况可为虚拟试验装载机动力性、燃油经济性提供加载数据,具有重要的工程实践意义。The design of loader’s driveline draws on the design concept of automobile’s,while driving cycle is the important reference for designing the parameters of automobile’s driveline.Because there is no driving cycle for loader,it is impossible to investigate the fuel economy and power performance by using it for loader in design stage.According to the power diffluence of loader engine,the loader cycle condition should consist of time course of loading,bucket’s working resistance and working speed under loader's typical working condition.In view of this situation,taking ZL50type loader as an example,this paper builds the test scheme,and the time domain waveform data of the engine torque consumed by hydraulic pump,steering pump,variable speed pump,front transmission shaft,and rear drive shaft,as well as the time domain waveform data of revolving speed of front transmission shaft are obtained.The steps of constructing the driving cycle of loader under typical working conditions are as follows:(1)On the basis of tested gear signal and hydraulic pump pressure signal,the working cycle of loader is divided into4work periods in terms of signal change characteristics:no-loading driving,shoveling,going forward with heavy load and unloading.Meanwhile the no-loading driving includes going forward without load and retreat without load.The all tested channel signal is shown by Vib array of data collection system,the initial time of all work periods is recorded conveniently by channel signal,and the beginning time of signal is defined according to the work period in order to determine the time period of signal segmentation.The data section of the signal can be realized directly by the nsoft.Specifically after all tested loader signals are divided according to working period,all the loading signals of the same working period are merged in each test,and lastly the acquired signals of the same working period of all tests are merged and set zero.(2)The loading time course of engine torque consumed by working pump is acquired c

关 键 词：装载机 试验 燃油经济性 液压泵 传统系统 工作载荷 循环工况 

分 类 号：U415.514[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] S222.55[农业科学—农业机械化工程]