滩涂区不同围垦年限土壤总盐及盐基离子含量变化规律  

Variation in soil total salt and base ions content of tidal-flat reclamation with different years

作　　者：张明[1,2] 高超[3] 尹爱经[4] 鲍征宇[1] 陈国光[2] 梁晓红[2] 雍太健[2] 朱意萍 周墨[2] Zhang Ming;Gao Chao;Yin Aijing;Bao Zhengyu;Chen Guoguang;Liang Xiaohong;Yong Taijian;Zhu Yiping;Zhou Mo(School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China;Nanjing Geological Survey Canter, China Geological Survey, Nanjing 20016, China;Geographic and Dceanor phie Sciences,Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China;Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉),地球科学学院,武汉430074 [2]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,南京210016 [3]南京大学地理与海洋学院,南京210023 [4]江苏省农业科学院,南京210014

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第1期118-126,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国土资源大调查项目(1212011220053)

摘　　要：为了研究江苏沿海百年尺度滩涂围垦区土壤含盐量、Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-、Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+等盐基离子变化规律及影响因素,采用了数量统计、相关分析、因子分析等方法对大丰典型滩涂5个不同时段围垦区表层土壤含盐量、Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-、Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+等盐基离子的含量变化、相关关系、盐渍化特征及土壤理化性质对脱盐的影响进行了研究。研究结果显示:随着围垦年限增加土壤含盐量及盐基离子含量逐渐降低,围垦到60 a左右土壤含量平均值低于1g/kg,基本完成脱盐过程,并且盐渍化类型以氯化物型为主转变成以硫酸盐型为主;随着脱盐过程进行,盐基离子之间相关关系和组合特征发生了明显变化,从初期以Cl-、Na+作为主控因子,到围垦后期以SO42-、Ca2+为主控因子;土壤有机质和粉砂粒的增加加速了土壤脱盐进程;盐基离子变化是围垦过程中土壤酸碱度变化驱动因素之一。China has an extensive coastline and a large area of intertidal zone,which is one of the important reserved land resources.Jiangsu province has the most abundant resources of intertidal land in China,accounting for1/4of the total intertidal land in China.However,salinization of the low beaches along the North of Jiangsu province is one of the main obstacles that restrict the development and utilization of intertidal land.Therefore,it is great significance to find out the current status of the saline alkali and the composition of the salt base ions in the reclamation area.The tidal flats and reclaimed area in the eastern of Dafeng city was chosen as the study area of this work.The study area was divided into five zones according to historical maps and interpretation results of remote sensing.The areas that had been reclaimed for90years,60years,30years and10years were designated as zone V,zoneⅣ,zoneⅢ,and zoneⅡ,respectively.The tidal flat was zone I.The total area of the five zones is about1600km2,with a length of56km in north-south direction and a width of19to38km in latitudinal direction.241samples(0~20cm)were collected from the surface of the five zones,60of which were from the tidal flat sediments.Sample sites were chosen uniformly from the five zones,and any zone has no less than40samples.The samples included farmland soil,fish farm sediment,tidal flat sediment and wasteland soil.We adopt quantity statistics,correlation analysis,factor analysis and other methods to understand the salinity of surface soil,the change rule and influencing factors of their salt base ions in coastal reclamation area of Jiangsu for the recent100years.The research ascertained the soil salinity,the content change and correlation of Cl-,SO42-,HCO3-,Na+,K+,Ca2+and Mg2+,salinization characteristics and soil physical and chemical properties on desalination,indicating that,with increase of reclamation duration,the content of soil salinity and base ion reduced.The average soil salinity in the reclamation area was lower than1g/kg in1960

关 键 词：土壤 盐分 土地利用 滩涂 盐基离子 围垦 大丰 

分 类 号：X822[环境科学与工程—环境工程]