北江汛期清远段多环芳烃的污染特征与风险评估  

Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Qingyuan Section of Beijiang River in Flood Season

作　　者：韩向云 昌盛[1] 付青[1] 王山军[1] 杨光[1] 赵兴茹[1] 耿梦娇[1] HAN Xiangyun;CHANG Sheng;FL Qing;WANG Shanjun;YANG Guang;ZHAO Xingru;GENG Mengjiao(State Environmental Protection Key Laborator^^ of Drinking Water Source Protection,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Chemistry and Material Science,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护饮用水水源地环境保护重点实验室,北京100012 [2]河北师范大学化学与材料科学学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2018年第1期61-69,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07405 -001);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51508539)

摘　　要：2016年7月于北江清远段采集21个水和表层沉积物样品,采用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)法测定了样品中的PAHs(多环芳烃)含量,分析了北江水环境中PAHs的污染水平,并对其生态风险进行了评价.结果表明,水中ρ(∑PAHs)介于0.4~110.2 ng/L,表层沉积物中w(∑PAHs)(以干质量计,下同)在54.4~819.8 ng/g之间,平均值分别为41.7 ng/L和424.9 ng/g.与国内水体PAHs污染状况相比,北江清远段水中PAHs污染状况处于中低水平,而表层沉积物污染状况处于中等水平.运用特征比值法对PAHs来源进行分析表明,PAHs主要来源为石油泄漏、化石燃料燃烧.采用商值法对水中PAHs进行生态风险评价,∑PAHs和个别单体的最低风险浓度风险商值大于1.0而最高风险浓度风险商值小于1.0,处于中等污染水平;采用效应区间低、中值法对表层沉积物PAHs进行生态风险评价,仅个别点位表层沉积物中苊烯、蒽和二苯并[a,h]蒽超出生态效应低值,对生态环境潜在负面效应较小.研究显示,北江水和沉积物中PAHs潜在风险处于较低水平.A total of21samples of surface water and sediments were collected in Qingyuan section of Beijiang River in July2016.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)of samples were analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry.The pollution level and the ecological risk of PAHs was investigated in this study.The total concentrations of16PAHs ranged from041102ngL and5448198ngg in surface water and sediments,and the average concentrations of PAHs in surface water and sediments were417ngL and4249ngg,respectively.Compared with the pollution status of PAHs in domestic water as reported in literature,the pollution situation of PAHs in Beijiang River was at low level,while the surface sediments pollution level was at the moderate level.The resource pollution of PAHs was appointed by the molecular ratio of Fla(Fla+Pyr)and BaA(BaA+Chr).The combustion of coal and biomass was predominant during the sampling campaign.The ecological risk of surface water was assessed by the value of risk quotient(RQ).The result showed that only except the RQNCs of∑PAHs and a few individual monomer were higher than10,but the RQMPCs were lower than10,which indicated that the pollution risk level was at a moderate level.In addition,the method of using the ration of effects range loweffects range median(ERLERM)was adopt to evaluate the ecological risk of PAHs in sediments.And the results showed that most monomer PAHs(except Dih,Ant and Dib)and the total PAHs content in sediment was not exceed the ERL limiting values.It showed that the environmental risk caused by PAHs was in low level.

关 键 词：北江 清远段 多环芳烃 污染水平 风险评价 

分 类 号：X[环境科学与工程]