新疆马铃薯叶甲寄生蜂天敌资源调查研究  

An Investigation into the Parasitic Wasps as Natural Enemies of Colorado Potato Beetle in Xinjiang

作　　者：朱丹 鲁佳雄 钟问 李勤[1] 郭文超[2] 胡红英[1] ZHU Dan;LU Jia-xiong;ZHONG Wen;LI Qin;GUO Wen-chao;HU Hong-ying(College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China;Institute of Microorganism Application in Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第12期2248-2254,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区国际科技合作计划(20126005)~~

摘　　要：【目的】马铃薯叶甲Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say)(鞘翅目:叶甲科)是一种破坏力极强的外来入侵害虫,被我国列为重要对外检疫对象,是为害马铃薯的重要害虫,常造成毁灭性危害。利用寄生性天敌防治马铃薯叶甲,是有效且具备较高环境亲和性的害虫治理手段。调查新疆本地的寄生蜂天敌资源,为后期利用寄生蜂天敌防治该入侵害虫提供重要的理论依据。【方法】2013~2014年7~8月针对新疆伊犁地区马铃薯种植区域进行田间调查和标本采集,并通过野外采集马铃薯叶甲卵和各龄期幼虫结合实验室饲养,寻找其寄生性天敌。【结果】获得马铃薯叶甲卵寄生蜂2种,其中1种为欧米啮小蜂Oomyzus sp.(小蜂总科:姬小蜂科),另1种为黑卵蜂Telenomus sp.(细蜂总科:缘腹细蜂科),这两种寄生蜂均为马铃薯叶甲寄生性天敌,对其外部形态特征进行了描述,并讨论了其在马铃薯叶甲生物防治中的前景。【结论】欧米啮小蜂Oomyzus sp.和黑卵蜂Telenomus sp.是马铃薯叶甲的卵寄生性天敌,通过进一步研究其寄生生物学特性,为马铃薯叶甲的生物防治提供基础数据,在马铃薯叶甲的生物防治工作中具有非常积极的意义。【Objective】Colorado potato beetle,Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say)(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae),is a destructive invasive pest that has been listed as a serious foreign quarantine insect pest in China,causing devastating damage to potato and other solanaceae crops.It is effective and environmental-friendly to utilize parasitoids to control Colorado potato beetle damage.This study aims to investigate parasitic wasp's resource in Xinjiang to obtain and use local parasitoids as natural enemies to fight against that invasive pest.This research has positive implications for biological control of Colorado potato beetle.【Method】We conducted a large scale field investigation and collected large number of insects in the potato planting area of Ili,Xinjiang between July and August of2013and2014.We also collected eggs and larvae of Colorado potato beetle in fields to obtain parasitic natural enemies after the artificial breeding in laboratory.【Result】We obtained two parasitic wasps,Oomyzus sp.(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)and Telenomus sp.(Hymenoptera:Scelionidae),as egg parasitoids of Colorado potato beetle.We observed and reported the morphological and biological characters of these parasitoids for the first time,and discussed their potential for the control of Colorado potato beetle.【Conclusion】Oomyzus sp.and Telenomus sp.are egg parasitoids of Colorado potato beetle,and probably potential parasitic natural enemies for biological control of Colorado potato beetle after further research on their parasitic biological characteristics.

关 键 词：马铃薯叶甲 寄生蜂天敌 欧米啮小蜂Oomyzussp. 黑卵蜂Telenomussp. 生物防治 

分 类 号：S435.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]