苎麻微生物脱胶技术的研究进展  

Research Development on Microbial Degumming of Ramie

作　　者：杨琦[1] 段盛文[1] 彭源德[1] YANG Qi;DUAN Shengwen;PENG Yuande(Institute of Bast Fiber Crops,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410205,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院麻类研究所,长沙410205

出　　处：《中国麻业科学》2018年第1期36-42,共7页Plant Fiber Sciences in China

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IBFC08);中国农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(Y2016PT36;1610242016024);国家麻类产业技术建设专项(No.CARS-16);国家自然科学基金项目(31700438);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2016jj3126)

摘　　要：脱胶是苎麻纤维加工的关键步骤,文章针对目前工业上化学脱胶方法高耗能、高污染的现状,阐述了高效节能环保的微生物脱胶技术的作用机制,并从脱胶菌株的分离选育、菌株发酵工艺优化及脱胶工艺优化3个方面分析了微生物脱胶技术的研究现状。目前,微生物脱胶技术可较好地应用于苎麻脱胶,实现苎麻纤维的清洁加工,但亟需从工程菌株、发酵工艺、脱胶工艺、脱胶机理和微生物菌剂制备等方面深入开展研究工作,以推动该技术在工业化生产中的应用。Degumming is the key step before ramie fibers to be used in textile industry.In order to solve the existing problems of high energy-consuming and high-pollution of chemical degumming method used in industry,the microbial degumming technology has been proposed which is high efficiency,environmental protection and energy conservation.The paper briefly introduced the mechanism of microbial degumming technology and summarized the research development in the aspects of separation of strains,optimization of fermentation and degumming process.Microbial degumming technology can be applied in ramie degumming to realize the clean processing of ramie fibers.Meanwhile,it is urgent to carry out research work in the aspects of degumming strains,fermentation processing,degumming processing,degumming mechanism and microbial agent preparation to promote the application of this technology in industrial production

关 键 词：苎麻 微生物脱胶 脱胶机制 选育 脱胶工艺 

分 类 号：S563.1[农业科学—作物学]