2013年云南省成年居民吸烟现状分析  

Cross-sectional survey on smoking in adults of Yunnan province in 2013

作　　者：邵英[1] 杨永芳[1] 肖义泽[1] 许雯[1] 唐娴[1] 石青萍[1] 段婧[1] 秦明芳[1] SHAO Ying;YANG Yong-fang;XIAO Yi-ze;XU Wen;TANG Xian;SHI Qing-ping;DUAN Jing;QIN Mingfang(Chronic Non-communicable Disease Prevention Institution, Yunnan Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Kunming 650022, China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制所,昆明650022

出　　处：《中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）》2017年第12期28-33,共6页Chinese Journal of the Frontiers of Medical Science(Electronic Version)

基　　金：中央补助地方慢性病及其危险因素监测项目

摘　　要：目的研究2013年云南省年龄≥18岁成年居民吸烟及戒烟行为、二手烟暴露等情况。方法在云南省10个国家级慢性病及其危险因素监测点,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法选取5859名年龄≥18岁的常住居民进行面对面问卷调查,收集调查对象基本信息,调查对象的现在吸烟率、吸烟者每日吸烟率、吸烟者日均机制卷烟吸烟量、开始吸烟年龄、戒烟率、被动吸烟率,并对结果进行统计分析。结果 2013年云南省成年居民现在吸烟率为35.5%,男性现在吸烟率显著高于女性(P<0.05);回族居民现在吸烟率显著低于其他民族居民(P<0.05);初中文化程度居民现在吸烟率高于其他文化程度居民(P<0.05)。吸烟者每日吸烟率为92.9%;年龄≥30岁吸烟者的每日吸烟率显著高于年龄<30岁吸烟者(P<0.05)。18岁以前开始吸烟者占40.7%,且男性多于女性(P<0.05);年龄越小的人群,该比例越高(P<0.05);回族居民18岁以前开始吸烟者占比低于其他民族居民(P<0.05)。戒烟率为12.6%,年龄越大者戒烟率越高(P<0.05)。被动吸烟率为75.4%,男性被动吸烟率显著高于女性(χ~2=39.677,P<0.05);年龄越小者,被动吸烟率越高(P<0.05);回族居民被动吸烟率显著低于其他民族居民(P<0.05);高中文化程度居民被动吸烟率高于其他文化程度居民(P<0.05)。吸烟率、吸烟者每日吸烟率、18岁前吸烟者比率、戒烟率及被动吸烟率,在不同职业间的分布差异均具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论 2013年云南省成年男性居民吸烟率高于全国平均水平,居民被动吸烟率高,戒烟率低,男性、低年龄段人群的吸烟情况需重点关注。Objective To study the situation of smoking,smoking cessation and secondhand smoke exposure of adults aged18years and older in Yunnan province in2013.Method Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select5859adults in10national disease surveillance site located in Yunnan province.Demographic,the prevalence rate of smoking and daily smoking,daily average amount of cigarette smoking,the age of starting smoking,quite smoking rate,passive smoking rate were investigated by face-to-face questionnaires,and the results were statistically analyzed.Result Smoking rate among adult residents in Yunnan province in2013was35.5%,which was higher in male than that of female(P<0.05),which was lower in Hui nationality than other ethnics(P<0.05);which was higher in people with junior high school education than other educational levels(P<0.05).Daily smoking rate was92.9%,which was higher in smoker over30years old than younger adults(P<0.05).The proportsion of smoking before age18was40.7%,which was higher in male than female(P<0.05),which was higher in younger age than older(P<0.05),lower in Hui nationality(P<0.05).Quite smoking rate was12.6%,which was higher in older age(P<0.05).Passive smoking rate was75.4%,which was higher in male than female(P<0.05),which was higher in younger age than older(P<0.05),which was lower in Hui nationality than other ethnic(P<0.05),which was higher in people with senior high school education level than other people(P<0.05).There were statistical differences in smoking rate,daily smoking rate of smokers,the proportion of smoking before the age of18,the rate of quitting smoking and passive smoking among different occupations(P<0.05).Conclusion The rate of smoking among male residents in Yunnan province in2013is higher than average in China.In addition,passive smoking is high and quit smoking rate is low in residents,and the smoking prevalence in men and low age groups needed to be focused.

关 键 词：云南省 吸烟 戒烟 被动吸烟 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]