寒地城市公园春季休闲体力活动强度与植被群落微气候调节效应适应性研究  

Research on the Adaptability between the Leisure Physical Activity Intensity and Micro-climate Regulation of Vegetation Community of Cold Region Parks in Spring

作　　者：赵晓龙 卞晴[4,3] 赵冬琪 张波 Zhang Bo;Zhao Dongqi;Bian Qing;Zhao Xiaolong

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院景观系 [2]国际园林景观规划设计行业协会 [3]哈尔滨工业大学黑龙江省寒地景观科学与技术重点实验室 [4]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院 [5]美国俄克拉荷马州立大学

出　　处：《中国园林》2018年第2期42-48,共7页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目“严寒地区城市微气候调节原理与设计方法研究”(编号51438005)、黑龙江省科技攻关项目“寒地景观特征与运动模式互动模型建构”(编号GZ15A510)和黑龙江省寒地景观科学与技术重点实验室自主课题“寒地绿色空间健身运动功效与微气候舒适度相关性研究”(编号2016HDJG-3101)共同资助

摘　　要：寒地城市公园作为承载太极拳、毽球等休闲体力活动的主要场所,常受不利气候影响导致公园日利用率下降。休闲体力活动强度作为衡量有效体力活动的重要指标,是否与植被群落微气候调节效应存在适应性关系成为研究的首要问题。在寒地城市早春时节(4—5月)对哈尔滨兆麟公园6个高聚集活动场地进行观测。利用行为注记图揭示休闲体力活动强度时空分布特征。进而,以微气候环境为媒介,通过线性回归及单因素方差ANOVA数理统计方法,由表及里探寻植被群落微气候调节效应与休闲体力活动强度因果关系。研究结果表明,相同强度休闲体力活动随微气候变化具有迁移性、聚集性。其中,低温、通风微气候特征利于激发低及中低强度活动;中等以上强度活动具有低风、低湿、高日照的微气候偏好。植被群落结构及形态特征具有显著微气候调节效应。以期建立寒地城市公园植被群落物质环境、微气候物理环境及休闲体力活动强度三者联动机制,推动"健康中国"国策的实施。City parks in cold regions,as the main venues for carrying Tai Chi,shuttlecock and other leisure activities,are often affected by unfavorable weather resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate ofparks.As an important index to measure effective physical activity,whether or not the intensity of leisure physical activity is adaptive to the microclimate regulation of vegetation community has become the primary issue of the research.During the early spring season(April-May)in cold regions,six high-concentration gathering places of Harbin Zhaolin Park were observed.Behavior annotation map was used to reveal spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of leisure physical activity intensity.Furthermore,based on the microclimate environment,the linear regression and one-way ANOVA method were used to explore the causal relationship between the micro-climate regulation of vegetation community and the intensity of leisure physical activity.The research indicates,the same intensity of leisure physical activity with the microclimate changes have migrated,gathered characteristics.Among them,the low temperature and ventilation microclimatic characteristics are conducive to stimulate low and medium intensity activities.Medium above intensity activities have low wind,low humidity,high sunshine micro-climate preferences.Vegetation community and morphological characteristics have significant micro-climate regulation effect.It is expected to establish a linkage mechanism between the natural environment of vegetation community,the physical environment of micro-climate and the intensity of leisure physical activity in cold region parks,in order to promote the implementation of"Healthy China"national policy.

关 键 词：风景园林 寒地城市公园 休闲体力活动强度 植被群落微气候调节效应 适应性关系 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]