难变形材料热静液挤压复合精密塑性成形工艺  

Hard-deformation Material Fabricated by Hot Hydrostatic Extrusion and Compound Precision Plastic Forming Technologies

作　　者：于洋[1] 任朝媛 张文丛[1] 王尔德[1] YU Yang;REN Chao-yuan;ZHANG Wen-cong;WANG Er-de(Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东威海264209

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2018年第2期18-24,共7页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51575128);华南理工国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心开放基金(2012006)

摘　　要：目的研究热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在高密度钨合金、钨铜合金、钛基复合材料及镁合金薄壁细管等难变形材料方面的制备。方法通过对高密度钨合金难变形材料进行热静液挤压及旋转锻造等塑性成形,分析了材料在成形过程中的微观组织及性能变化规律和强化机制,制备出大长径比穿甲弹弹芯材料。在此基础上,将该复合塑性变形技术拓展至两相不互溶材料钨铜合金、钛基复合材料及大长径比镁合金毛细管等难变形材料方面的制备。结果热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在粉末冶金难变形材料的致密化方面具有显著优势,获得材料不仅致密度高,而且有效实现了控形控性;对于镁合金薄壁细管成形而言,也可以实现组织与性能的有效调配,同时材料的精度较高。结论热静液挤压及其复合塑性变形工艺在难变形材料的制备与成形方面具有独特的优势与广阔的应用前景。The paper aims to study fabrication of tungsten heavy alloy,tungsten copper alloy,titanium matrix composite and thin-wall tube of magnesium alloy and other hard deformation materials.Based on plastic deformation of high density tungsten alloys,such as hot hydrostatic extrusion and rotary forging,change rules and strengthening mechanisms for microstructure and properties of materials in the forming process were analyzed to fabricate materials for bullet core of armour-piercing bullet of large aspect ratio.On this basis,the compound plastic deformation technology was extended to preparation of two phase immiscible materials,such as tungsten copper alloy,titanium matrix composite and thin-wall tube of magnesium alloy with large aspect ratio and other hard deformation materials.Hot hydrostatic extrusion and compound plastic deformation process in densification of powder metallurgy materials had significant advantages,not only materials of high density were obtained,and control of shape and properties was achieved;for the fabrication of thin-wall tube of magnesium alloy,effective allocation of microstructure and properties could also be realized and the material also had high precision.Therefore,hot hydrostatic extrusion and its composite plastic deformation technologies have unique advantages and broad application prospects in the preparation and forming of hard-deformation materials.

关 键 词：难变形材料 高密度钨合金 钛基复合材料 镁合金薄壁细管 热静液挤压 复合塑性变形技术 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]