稠油油藏选择性射孔抑制蒸汽超覆三维物理模拟与优化  

Three-dimensional physical simulation and optimization of selective perforation to control steam overlap in heavy oil reservoirs

作　　者：李岩[1] LI Yan(No.2 Oil Production Plant,Henan Oilfield Company,SINOPEC,Nanyang City,Henan Province,473400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化河南油田分公司采油二厂,河南南阳473400

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2018年第3期117-121,共5页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：中国石化"十三五"重大先导项目"河南东部稠油提质增效开采技术优化研究"(YTBXD-03-2017)

摘　　要：注蒸汽是开发稠油油藏的有效手段,由于蒸汽与原油之间存在密度差异,蒸汽超覆现象普遍存在。为此,利用三维物理模拟实验,直观描述稠油油藏蒸汽超覆特征,分析注蒸汽开发过程中不同射孔方式下压力、温度场和产液量变化。实验结果表明:注汽井全井段射孔时,蒸汽波及范围主要集中在油层上部,随着注汽时间增加,蒸汽波及到油层中部,剩余油主要集中于油层下部;而注汽井选择性射孔时,油层上下温差减小,油层下部吸汽量明显增加,动用程度和油藏采收率提高。在此基础上,利用数值模拟方法,对注采井选择性射孔方案进行优化,结果表明,注采井选择性射孔能够有效抑制蒸汽超覆,注汽井射开油层下部1/3、生产井射开油层下部1/2~2/3开发效果较好。Steam injection is one of the most effective methods to develop heavy oil reservoirs.Steam overlap is a common phenomenon because of the density difference between steam and crude oil.The steam overlap characteristics of the heavy oil reservoir were intuitively described by3D physical simulation experiments.The pressure,temperature field and fluid production under different perforation modes were analyzed during the steam flooding.The experimental results reveal that the main steam sweep area is at the top of the reservoir when the injection well is uniformly perforated.As the injection time increases,the central reservoir begins to absorb steam gradually and the remaining oil mainly gathers at the bottom of the reservoir.When the injection well is selectively perforated,the temperature difference between the top and bottom reservoir decreases and the steam absorption of the bottom zone increases obviously.As a result,the producing degree and oil recovery are enhanced.On this basis,the numerical simulation method was used to optimize the selective perforation plan for the injection and production wells.The results show that the selective perforation can effectively control the steam overlap.It is optimal that1/3of the lower reservoirs and1/2to2/3of the lower reservoirs are perforated for the injection wells and production wells respectively.

关 键 词：稠油油藏 吸汽特征 蒸汽超覆 三维实验 选择性射孔 

分 类 号：TE357.41[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]