施氮量对超甜玉米产量和性状的影响分析  

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield and Characters of Supersweet Corn

作　　者：余明[1] YU Ming(South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510000, China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学,广东广州510000

出　　处：《中国果菜》2018年第3期39-42,共4页China Fruit & Vegetable

摘　　要：施氮量水平的高低对秋播超甜玉米的产量与性状都有很大的影响,为了提高超甜玉米的产量,改善其性状,找出最适合超甜玉米使用的氮肥施用量,本文通过选用"华珍"超甜玉米作为试验品种,进行不同施氮量试验,测定其叶面积、穗粗、穗长、穗行数、行粒数、穗秃尖长以及百粒鲜重与干重等性状。结果显示,6组不同施氮量对秋播超甜玉米百粒干重、百粒鲜重、叶面积、穗行粒数、穗粗以及穗长都有较为明显的促进作用,其中最佳的氮肥施用量应保持在300kg/hm2左右,这样的施氮量不仅能提高超甜玉米的穗长和叶面积等产量性状,还能避免因过量施氮肥所造成的氮素营养过剩。一旦玉米营养体太繁茂,就会导致生殖器官发育不良,延长玉米的生长期。Level of nitrogen application has great influence on the yield and character of autumn sowing supersweet corn.The purpose of this paper was to find out the suitable amount of nitrogen fertilizer suitable for the use of super sweet corn,effectively improved the yield of super sweet corn and improve its characters.This paper used"Huazhen"super sweet corn as a test variety to carry out different nitrogen application tests.The indexes of the determination included leaf area,ear diameter,ear length,row number,number of grains,rareear length,fresh weight and dry weight of100grains,and so on.6groups of different nitrogen fertilizer have significant positive effects on character of autumn sowing super sweet corn,incuding grain dry weight,grain fresh weight,leaf area,row number of grains per ear,ear thick and ear length.The best application of nitrogen fertilizer should be kept at about300kg/hm2.The amount of nitrogen that can not only improve the ear length and leaf area and yield of super sweet corn,but also to avoid excess nitrogen caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer,once the corn vegetative overgrowth,will cause genital hypoplasia,prolong the growth period of maize.

关 键 词：超甜玉米 施氮量 产量 性状 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]