森林自燃火灾中的凋落物辐射升温特性研究——以岳麓山为例  

Research on radiant temperature rising characteristics of litter in spontaneous fire of forest——a case study of Yuelu Mountain

作　　者：陈立林 刘琼[1] 杜沄燕 CHEN Lilin;LIU Qiong;DU Yunyan(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2018年第2期174-179,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51206191);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(502211740)

摘　　要：为研究森林火灾的凋落物辐射升温特性,设计一套森林凋落物温升速率测定实验装置,从岳麓山采样并通过辐射加热实验观察凋落层内部各点温升状况,采用红外热像仪辅助拍摄着火过程。分析处理7组不同月份的实验数据,获得森林凋落物的温时曲线、温度关联曲线,并建立温升速率关于含水率与表观密度的关联方程。研究表明:温升初期横向温升速率高于纵向温升速率,着火时刻附近纵向温升速率快于横向;岳麓山森林凋落物着火温度区间为340~350℃,在本实验条件下平均着火时间为420 s;各测点温升规律一致,热源基点处达到着火点时的周围温度在200℃左右。To study the radiant temperature rising characteristics of litter in the forest fire,an experimental equipment for measuring the temperature rising rate of forest litter was designed.The temperature rising situation of various points in the litter layer were observed by sampling from the Yuelu Mountain and through the radiation heating tests,and the ignition process was shot by the infrared thermal imaging system.The temperature-time curves and the temperature association curves of forest litter were obtained by analyzing and processing seven groups of experimental data with different months,and the association equation of temperature rising rate with the moisture content and the apparent density was established.The results showed that in the initial stage of heating,the horizontal temperature rising rate was higher than the longitudinal temperature rising rate,while around the ignition time,the longitudinal temperature rising rate was faster than the horizontal temperature rising rate.The ignition temperature interval of forest litter from the Yuelu Mountain was 340-350℃,while the average ignition time under this experiment condition was 420 s.The laws of temperature rising in various measurement points were consistent,and when the base point of heating source reached the ignition point,the surrounding temperature was about 200℃.

关 键 词：森林火灾 燃烧特性 凋落物 温升速率 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]