台风登陆前珠三角地区近地面O3浓度升高的原因初探  

Causes for the surface O3increase before a typhoon landing in the Pearl River Delta region

作　　者：嵇萍[1] 汪宇[1] 陈多宏[1] 谢敏[1] 沈劲[1] 叶斯琪[1] 潘月云[1] JI Ping;WANG Yu;CHEN Duohong;XIE Min;SHEN Jin;YE Siqi;PAN Yueyun(Guangdong Environmental Monitoring Center,State Environmental Key Laboratory of Regional Air Quality Monitoring,Guangdong Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Secondary Air Pollution Research,Guangzhou Guangdong 510308)

机构地区：[1]广东省环境监测中心,国家环境保护区域空气质量监测重点实验室,广东省环境保护大气二次污染研究重点实验室,广东 广州510308

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第3期296-300,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：广东省科技发展专项(No.2017B020216007);国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2014BAC21B00)。

摘　　要：利用粤港澳珠三角地区空气质量监测网络的近地面大气污染物浓度观测数据,风、气温、气压和相对湿度等气象观测数据及水平分辨率为1°×1°的由美国国家环境预报中心(NCEP)提供的FNL全球分析资料中的再分析气象场数据,从前体物和光化学生成、水平传输、垂直传输的角度,对台风"妮妲"登陆前,珠三角地区近地面出现的O_3浓度高峰进行原因分析。结果表明:台风登陆前,珠三角地区云量较低,气温升高,相对湿度较大,同时前体物浓度升高,有利于本地O_3光化学生成,造成O_3浓度升高;但珠三角地区近地面风速很小,且以辐散为主,故水平传输不是造成O_3浓度大幅升高的原因;在台风靠近珠三角地区的过程中,珠三角地区受台风外围下沉气流控制,造成高层大气向近地面输送O_3,同时本地生成的O_3等各类大气污染物无法向上扩散而逐渐累积。以上因素最终导致台风"妮妲"登陆前珠三角地区近地面O_3浓度升高。Based on the air quality monitoring network of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Pearl River Delta region,the causes of O3 concentration peak in the Pearl River Delta region before the landing of typhoon“Nida”was analyzed using the observation data of near-surface air pollutant concentration,meteorological data(wind speed,wind direction,air temperature,pressure and relative humidity)and FNL re-analysis meteorological field from National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)with horizontal resolution of 1°×1°.On the perspective of precursor,photochemical generation,horizontal transmission and vertical transmission,the results showed that the causes of the increasing O3 concentration before the typhoon“Nida”landing were the low cloud cover,increased air temperature,relative humidity and the precursor concentration in the Pearl River Delta region.The above conditions were beneficial to the O3 photochemical generation.Horizontal transmission did not increase the O3 concentration significantly,due to the low near-surface wind speed and the divergence in the Pearl River Delta region before typhoon landing.Influenced by the typhoon peripheral sinking airflow,the high-level atmosphere delivered O3 to the near-surface atmosphere before the landing of typhoon“Nida”which caused the rise of O3 concentration in the Pearl River Delta region.On the other hand,the poor diffusion conditions and the consequent accumulation process of the local O3 and other air pollutants during the typhoon landing were also the important causes for increasing O3 concentration before the landing of typhoon“Nida”.

关 键 词：O3 前体物 光化学反应 台风 

分 类 号：X515[环境科学与工程—环境工程]