固体废物中挥发性有机物现场快速测定方法及有效性研究  

Rapid field determination of VOCs in solid waste and its validity evaluation

作　　者：孙晓慧[1] 张胜军[1] 张珺[1] 杨寅森[1] 刘劲松[1] SUN Xiaohui;ZHANG Shengjun;ZHANG Jun;YANG Yingsen;LIU Jingsong(Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Centre,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310012)

机构地区：[1]浙江省环境监测中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第3期311-316,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：浙江省环保科研计划项目(No.2013A014)

摘　　要：采用便携式顶空/气相色谱—质谱(GC—MS)法与吹扫捕集/GC—MS法对实验室加标固体样品和实际固体废物(以下简称固废)中的挥发性有机物(VOCs)含量进行比对测定,探讨了便携式顶空/GC—MS法现场快速测定固废中VOCs的标准曲线时间有效性。结果表明:采用便携式顶空/GC—MS法测定固体样品中54种VOCs的准确度(以加标回收率计)和精密度分别为70%~123%、4.8%~17.6%,均能满足应急监测分析的要求,其检出限略高于吹扫捕集/GC—MS;其标准曲线在3d内有效性很好,7d后有效性明显下降,14d后需重新做标准曲线进行定量分析。便携式顶空/GC—MS测定固废中的VOCs基体加标回收率为69%~145%,测定结果与吹扫捕集/GC—MS相比,相对偏差小于10%,现场出具的监测数据有效,可为后续固废属性的鉴别和固废的处置提供依据。Performance of portable headspace/GC-MS to determine VOCs in laboratory spiked samples and actual solid waste samples was compared with purge and trap/GC-MS.The validity of standard curve against time for determination of VOCs in solid waste by portable headspace/GC-MS was also examined.Results indicated that detection limit was slightly higher for portable headspace/GC-MS compared with purge and trap/GC-MS for the examined 54 kinds of VOCs in solid waste.Accuracy(in terms of recovery rate)of portable headspace/GC-MS was in the range of 70%~123%,with its precision in the range of 4.8%~17.6%,both meeting the requirements of environmental emergency monitoring.The standard curve of the portable headspace/GC-MS remained great effective within 3 d,however,decreased significantly after 7 d.The standard curve needed to be reestablished after 14 d.Measured value obtained by portable headspace/GC-MS was relatively accurate in terms of determination of VOCs in actual solid waste samples with the recovery rate ranging from 69%to 145%.Compared with purge and trap/GC-MS,the relative deviation between the measured results was less than 10%.Therefore,portable headspace/GC-MS could provide valid monitoring data in the field,and could provide reference for the follow-up identification and disposal of solid waste.

关 键 词：挥发性有机物 便携式顶空/气相色谱—质谱 固体废物应急监测 有效性 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]