钢铁厂固体废物汞的分析方法及浸出毒性研究  

Study on analysis method and extraction toxicity for mercury of solid waste from steel plant

作　　者：曹晴[1] 刘宇[1] 谭玉玲[1] 龙红艳[1] 崔宇韬[1] 张凡[1] 王洪昌[1] CAO Qing;LIU Yu;TAN Yuling;LONG Hongyan;CUI Yutao;ZHANG Fan;WANG Hongchang(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2018年第3期334-338,共5页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家环境保护部环保公益性行业科研专项(No.201309018;No.201109005);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.41205093)

摘　　要：以山西某钢铁厂各工艺单元产生的固体废物为研究对象,采用实验对比研究的方法,测定汞的分布特征及其浸出毒性。结果表明:(1)汞的最优推荐分析方法为DMA-80或Lumex RA-915+汞分析仪直接测定汞含量较低的烧结钢渣、高炉渣及转炉渣,微波辅助酸消解电感耦合等离子体质谱仪间接测定汞含量较高的除尘灰和粉煤灰,可以提高数据的精确度和可信度。(2)除尘灰及粉煤灰中汞浸出质量浓度分别为0.25、0.12 mg/L,超过《危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》(GB 5085.3—2007)限值(0.1mg/L),因此除尘灰和粉煤灰属于危险固体废物,应采取无害化处理措施后综合利用;烧结钢渣、高炉渣及转炉渣属于一般工业固体废物,可安全无害堆放或使用。Distribution characteristic and extraction toxicity for mercury of the solid wastes samples which were from process units in a Shanxi steel plant were tested by using the experimental comparison method.The results showed that:(1)the best recommended method for analyzing mercury was DMA-80 or Lumex RA-915+directly assaying sintering steel slag,blast furnace slag and converter slag which had a lower mercury and microwave assisted acid digestion ICP-MS indirect assaying precipitator dust and fly ash which had a higher mercury,to improve data accuracy and reliability.(2)The extraction concentration of mercury in precipitator dust and fly ash were 0.25 and 0.12 mg/L,exceeded the limit(0.1 mg/L)of“Identification standards for hazardous wastes-identification for extraction toxicity”(GB 5085.3-2007).Therefore precipitator dust and fly ash were hazardous solid waste,and should be taken harmless treatment measures before utilization.Sintered steel slag,blast furnace slag and converter slag belonged to general industrial solid waste,and could be safely stacked or used.

关 键 词：汞 固体废物 微波消解 电感耦合等离子体质谱仪 浸出毒性 

分 类 号：X757[环境科学与工程—环境工程]