地被菊柱头可授性  

Stigma Receptivity of Chrysanthemum morifolium

作　　者：杨中义 尚嘉琪 张春来 吕晋慧[1] Yang Zhongyi;Shang Jiaqi;Zhang Chunlai;LüJinhui(Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学,太谷030801

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2018年第3期50-53,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD01B07);国家自然科学基金项目(30972021)

摘　　要：为探寻提高地被菊杂交结实率的有效方法,对多个地被菊品种柱头形态及可授性进行研究,比较了不同花序发育阶段的持续时间及柱头形态,不同形态柱头可授性差异以及1 d中不同时间段柱头可授性差异。结果表明:按发育顺序菊花花序分为8个阶段,其中第1、2阶段,持续3~7 d,柱头呈I型;3、4阶段,持续2~9 d,柱头呈I型或Y型;5、6、7阶段,柱头呈I型、Y型、羊角型和衰败型多种形态;第8阶段,柱头衰老状态明显呈羊角型或衰败型。柱头Y型时,可授性最强,衰败型时,可授性弱或没有。不同品种柱头可授性差异明显。1 d中10:00—14:00柱头可授性最强。因此,选择晴天10:00—14:00对Y型柱头授粉可有效提高地被菊杂交结实率。In order to explore effective ways to improve the seed setting rate of hybridization,Chrysanthemum morifolium stigma form and receptivity were studied by a plurality of chrysanthemum species.The stigmatic morphology and sustainable time in different flowering stages,stigma receptivity of different forms and different times during one day were compared.According to the development process of chrysanthemum,the inflorescence development sequence can be divided into eight stages.Among them,the flowering stages of 1 and 2 continued for 4-6d,and stigmas were I type;the stages of 3 and 4 continued 3-9d,and stigmas were I type and Y type;at the 5,6,7stages,stigmas had a variety of forms,including I,Y,horns and wilt type;at the 8 stage,stigmas senescence was obviously,including horns and wilt type.The receptivity was the strongest when stigma was Y type,and it was weak or not when wilt type.The receptivity of different species was different.And it was the strongest at 10:00-14:00 during one day.So the seed setting rate of hybridization was improved by pollinating stigmas of Y type at 10:00-14:00 on sunny days.

关 键 词：地被菊 柱头可授性 联苯胺-过氧化氢法 

分 类 号：S682.11[农业科学—观赏园艺] Q945.53[农业科学—园艺学]