玉米全膜双垄沟直插式液态施肥机的设计及仿真  

Design and simulation of vertically plug-in liquid fertilizer applicator on whole film double furrow sowing of maize

作　　者：王意满 戴飞[1] 余斌 张克平[1] 张雪坤[1] 张锋伟 WANG Yi-man;DAI Fei;YU Bin;ZHANG Ke-ping;ZHANG Xue-kun;ZHANG Feng-wei(College of Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学工学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2018年第1期157-161,167,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B10);甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2015A-079)

摘　　要：【目的】为解决我国西北地区旱地全膜双垄沟播玉米在大喇叭口和抽雄时期传统追肥存在劳动强度大、不易吸收等问题,设计了一种直插式液态施肥机.【方法】采用凸轮-曲柄连杆机构组合式设计,利用反转法根据顶杆的运动规律设计了凸轮的轮廓曲线.借助ADAMS软件对施肥针运动进行模拟,得到施肥针速度-时间关系曲线和运动轨迹.【结果】机具行驶速度为0.53 m/s时,喷肥针入土和出土时水平分速度为0.53 m/s,施肥间距为300mm,最大施肥深度为115mm,施肥轨迹符合实际工况.【结论】该施肥机可实现直插施肥,满足全膜双垄沟播玉米施(追)肥作业的农艺技术要求.【Objective】In order to solve the problem of traditional dressing fertilizer not easy to be absorbed and large labor intensity of the whole film double furrow sowing maize on dryland in the Northwest of China during the period of large bell and tasseling,to design a vertical insertion liquid fertilizer applicator.【Method】The machine was designed by combining cam with crank-connecting rod mechanism,using reverse method to design the cam profile curve which in according with the law of motion of the top rod.Using the ADAMS software to simulate the motion of fertilization needle,the velocity-time graph and movement track of the fertilization needle were got.【Result】When the machine working at the speed of0.53m/s,the horizontal velocity of the spraying needle vertically inserted into and away from the soil was0.53m/s,the fertilization distance was300mm,the maximum depth of fertilization was115mm,the fertilization trajectory was reasonable.【Conclusion】The fertilization machine can achieve vertical insertion fertilization,and meet the need of fertilization or topdressing agronomic technology requirements of the whole film double furrow sowing corn.

关 键 词：玉米 施肥机 全膜双垄沟 直插 ADAMS 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]