北洛河流域水沙特性与变化原因  

Characteristics of Flow and Sediment of Beiluo River Basin and Cause of Its Variation

作　　者：鲁俊[1] 朱信华 崔振华[1] 王鹏[1] 陈翠霞[1] LU Jun;ZHU Xinhua;CUI Zhenhua;WANG Peng;CHEN Cuixia(Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, China;Flood Control Office, YRCC, Zhengzhou 450003, China)

机构地区：[1]黄河勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003 [2]黄河水利委员会防汛办公室,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《人民黄河》2018年第3期20-24,共5页Yellow River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402408)

摘　　要：在整理分析北洛河流域20世纪50年代以来至2012年降雨、径流、泥沙观测资料和水土保持资料的基础上,研究了北洛河流域的水沙特性和水沙变化情况,从定性和定量两个方面剖析了2000年以后水沙变化的原因。结果表明:北洛河流域水流含沙量大,水沙量年际变化大、年内分配不均,水沙异源,泥沙主要产自上游,径流主要产自中下游;2000年以来北洛河来水量大幅减小,来沙量减小更为显著,主要是降雨尤其是下垫面条件改善以及暴雨偏少导致的;与1959—1969年相比,2000—2012年北洛河流域来沙量减小8 554.0万t,其中受人类活动影响的减沙量占63.1%~69.2%,受降雨影响的减沙量占30.8%~36.9%。Based onthe analysis of observation data of Beiluo River basin from1950to2012,including rainfall,runoff,sediment and soil and water conservation,the characteristics of flow and sediment of Beiluo River basin and cause of water and sediment variation were discussed in this paper and the cause of water and sediment variation since2000was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively.The results show that with high sediment concentration,non-uniform annual distribution of water and sediment and unequal distribution during the year,the sources of sediment and water of Beiluo River basin are different.The sediment of Beiluo River basin comes from the upper reaches and runoff mainly comes from the middle-lower reaches.The water and sediment of Beiluo River basin,sediment in particular,is reduced dramatically since2000,which is mainly due to the reduction of rainfall,rainstorm in particular and the improvement of underlying surface condition.Comparing with the period of1959-1969,the coming sediment of Beiluo River basin in the period of2000-2012had been decreased85.54million tons,of which,the sediment reduction affected by human activity is63.1%-69.2%and the proportion affected by rainfall is30.8%-36.9%.

关 键 词：下垫面 降雨 水沙变化 水沙特性 北洛河流域 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]