草鱼(♀)×赤眼鳟(♂)杂交F1倍性分析和性腺发育特点  

THE STUDY OF PLOIDY AND FERTILITY OF THE HYBRID F_1 OF CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLUS♀×SQUALIOBARBUS CURRICULUS♂

作　　者：乔庆[1] 刘巧林[1,2] 肖调义 赵鑫[1] 邓亚林 王荣华[1] 黎玉元 何美凤[1] QIAO Qing;LIU Qiao-Lin;XIAO Tiao-Yi;ZHAO Xin;DENG Ya-Lin1;WANG Rong-Hua;LI Yu-Yuan;HE Mei-Feng(Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province,Changde 415000, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省特色水产资源利用工程技术研究中心,湖南农业大学,长沙410128 [2]水产高效健康生产湖南省协同创新中心,常德415000

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2018年第2期313-322,共10页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31402289); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(31272652和31572615)资助

摘　　要：为探讨草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idella♀)×赤眼鳟(Squaliobarbus curriculus♂)杂交F_1的倍性和生育性能,对杂交F_1的染色体核型和红细胞核DNA含量进行分析和测定,并运用组织学方法对繁殖期和非繁殖期共124尾杂交F_1的性腺发育特点进行研究。结果显示:(1)杂交F_1染色体2n=48,核型公式2n=26 m+20 sm+2 st,NF=94,未发现端部着丝点染色体、随体和次缢痕等结构;(2)杂交F_1相对DNA含量为对照组鸡血的1.29倍,其绝对DNA含量为(3.21±0.61)pg/N,DNA指数为0.92;(3)经解剖观察和切片鉴定,杂交F_1卵细胞分为两种类型:一类卵细胞第Ⅰ—Ⅴ时相均发育正常,可完成排卵并产生后代,为正常发育型;另一类卵细胞发育到第Ⅴ时相后,卵黄颗粒减少,油滴增加,呈无卵黄空洞状,为异常发育型。杂交F_1精巢包括初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞和精子细胞,无成熟精子;部分精小囊内精细胞量极少,多为结缔组织或脂肪组织;生产实践中暂未发现可以排精的杂交F_1个体。研究表明,草鱼与赤眼鳟杂交获得的杂交F_1为二倍体,部分雌性可育,雄性可能为败育群体。The chromosome karyotype,DNA content of nucleus of erythrocyte and the characteristics of gonad developmentwere studied to explore the ploidy and fertility of the hybrid F1of Ctenopharyngodon idellus♀×Squaliobarbuscurriculus♂in reproduction and non-breeding seasons.The results shown that the number of chromosome was2n=48,and that the karyotype formula was2n=26m+20sm+2st,NF=94,and that the terminal chromosome,satellite and thesecondary constriction were not observed.The DNA content of erythrocyte in hybrid F1was(3.21±0.61)pg/N that was1.29times compared with chicken.The results of anatomical observation and histological section showed two types ofovary.One type was normally developed with different developmental stages of oocytes that could be used to producenext generation;the other type could develop to phaseⅣand gradually became abnormal in phaseⅤwith the degradedyolk granules or without egg yolk.The testis-type of gonad mainly included primary spermatocytes,secondaryspermatocytes and spermatozoons,but without mature sperm;partial lobules were full of connective tissue or adipocyteand few androcytes.Until now,semen had not been found in the production practice.In conclusion,the hybrid F1is diploid;partial female is fertility and the male may be infertility.

关 键 词：杂交F1 核型 DNA含量 性腺 倍性 生育性能 

分 类 号：Q343.2[生物学—遗传学]