土壤改良剂对喀斯特地区土壤养分水平运移的阻控效应  

Inhibition effects of different soil amendments on horizontal transport of soil nutrients in Karst area

作　　者：胡乐宁 肖和友[2,3] 苏以荣[2,3] HU Le-ning;XIAO He-you;SU Yi-rong(Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Plant and Plant Ecology and Environment Protection,Ministry of Education,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Eco-systems,Huanjiang 547100,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [3]中国科学院环江喀斯特农业生态试验站,广西环江547100

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2017年第12期86-93,共8页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200106-5);国家自然科学基金(41471199;41671298);岩溶生态与环境变化研究广西高校重点实验室研究基金(YRHJ15Z017);广西师范大学青年骨干教师培养项目

摘　　要：为筛选出一种或者组合材料作为喀斯特地区土壤改良剂,达到既能改良土壤,又能有效降低土壤养分流失的风险,研究了不同材料对溶液中养分的吸附特性以及室内模拟添加到喀斯特地区土壤后对土壤养分地表流失的影响。结果表明:9 900 g土、9 900 g土+3%甘蔗渣炭297 g、9 900 g土+3%玉米秸秆炭297 g、9 900 g土+3%甘蔗渣炭297 g+2%沸石198 g+2%粉煤灰198 g、9 900 g土+3%玉米秸秆炭297 g+2%沸石198 g+2%粉煤灰198 g处理硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷、速效钾养分地表流失量之和分别为625.42、614.51、558.47、411.24、391.80 mg。所有实验处理均能降低养分地表流失总量,增加沸石及粉煤灰施用量有望进一步降低流失量。与对照相比,各处理均能减少总养分流失,增加沸石和粉煤灰的利用,有利于减少养分流失。养分吸附特征与养分种类和吸附材料直接相关。改良剂填充柱对养分的去除效果显示,沸石和粉煤灰组合表现出了较好的效果,有望降低喀斯特地区土壤养分经落水洞的流失。In order to screen out soil improvement agent suitable for karst area soil,who can not only improve the soil,but also reduce the risk of soil nutrient loss,the adsorption characteristics of different materials to nutrient in solution and the effect of indoor simulation on soil nutrient loss in karst soil were studied.The primary results were as follows:the total surface loss of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were625.42mg,614.51mg,558.47mg,411.24mg,391.80mg,respectively.The results showed that all the experimental treatments could reduce the total amount of nutrient surface runoff,increase the zeolite,and the amount of fly ash was expected to further reduce the loss.All the treatments could decrease the total nutrient loss compared to CK treatment,and utilization of more zeolite and coal ash was promising for declining nutrient loss.The adsorptive characteristics of nutrients was directly related to nutrient variety and adsorptive material.The results showed that the combination of zeolite and fly ash showed a better effect and was expected to be a material combination used to reduce soil nutrient loss in karst region.

关 键 词：喀斯特 水平运移 改良剂 养分流失 生物炭 

分 类 号：S156.2[农业科学—土壤学]