建立海外军事基地的国际法规制研究  

On the International Law Regulation of Overseas Military Base Construction

作　　者：司玉琢[1] 袁曾[1] SI Yu-zhuo;YUAN Zeng(Law School, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第2期189-196,共8页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(14BFX128)

摘　　要：海外军事基地对于保障国家战略利益具有重要作用。当代海外军事基地属于国际地役的特殊形式,不存在无限的治外法权,不具有使馆"拟制领土"的法律地位。建立海外军事基地需有硬法、软法作为支撑的国际法维度依据,除需国内法授权外,国家间通过协议明确权利、义务边界。海外军事基地享有有限的自治权、豁免权,东道国享有一定的管辖权,但权利的范围以尊重东道国主权并支付相应对价为前提。通过制定完善《海洋基本法》等国内法、承认有限国家豁免原则,为中国建设海外军事基地提供法律指导。Overseas military bases play an important role in safeguarding national strategic interests.As a special form of international servitude,modern overseas military bases do not have the infinite legal rights of extraterritorial powers and the legal status of an embassy s fictitious territory.Overseas military base construction should be based on the international law supported by hard and soft laws.In addition to the domestic law authorization,countries should sign clearly the rights and obligations via mutual agreements.Overseas military bases have limited autonomy and restrictive immunity,but the receiving countries enjoy some sovereignty and the corresponding price of the premise should be paid punctually.Through the establishment of the basic law of the sea and other domestic laws and the recognition of the principle for restrictive national immunity,it may provide the legal basis for the construction of China s overseas military bases.

关 键 词：海外军事基地 国际地役 有限豁免 

分 类 号：DF961.9[政治法律—国际法学]