叶面硼肥对甜荞植株构型及产量的影响  

Effects of spraying boron fertilizer on the plant configuration and yield of common buckwheat

作　　者：王雨[1] 孔德章 王炎 赵权[1] 张锦阁 黄小燕[1] 黄凯丰 WANG Yu;KONG De-zhang;WANG Yan;ZHAO Quan;ZHANG Jin-ge;HUANG Xiao-yan;HUANG Kai-feng(Technology Research Center of Buckwheat Industry,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学荞麦产业技术研究中心,贵州贵阳550001 [2]贵州省农业科学院辣椒研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2018年第1期44-48,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)前期研究专项(2014CB160312);国家自然科学基金(31360318;31401315;31560358);贵州省普通高等学校荞麦栽培生理及推广特色重点实验室建设项目(黔教合KY字[2015]328);贵州省优秀青年科技人才培养对象专项资金(黔科合人字[2013]03号);贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目(黔教合KY字[2017]033)

摘　　要：为了明确喷施不同浓度的硼肥水溶液对甜荞植株构型及产量的影响。以‘信农1号’为试验材料,在现蕾期喷施不同浓度的硼肥水溶液,于成熟期测定甜荞根际土壤的养分(铵态氮,速效磷,速效钾和有机质)含量、pH、根系形态、农艺性状及产量;比较不同浓度处理时对各性状的影响。方差分析可知:与对照相比,叶面喷施硼肥对根际土壤中养分的含量有显著的影响,随着硼肥喷施浓度的增加土壤中的铵态氮含量增多,速效磷含量先减少后增多,速效钾含量减少,pH和有机质先降低后增加;根系长度、表面积和体积均先减小后增大,平均直径先增大后减小;株高降低,主茎节数和主茎分枝数先增加后降低;与对照(CK)相比,产量显著增加,表现为B>A>C,且依次增产22.38%,31.10%和9.63%。相关性分析可知:产量与根系长度呈极显著正相关,与表面积呈显著正相关,与株高和主茎节数呈显著负相关。结果表明:在现蕾期喷施24mg/L的硼肥水溶液,对甜荞的植株构型有一定的改善,有利于甜荞产量的提高。To study the effect of spraying different concentrations of boron in aqueous solution on plant type and yield of common buckwheat.The common buckwheat cultivar“Xingnong 1”was selected as experimental material,and in the budding stage spraying different concentrations of boron in aqueous solution.The nutrient content(ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter content)and pH in rhizosphere soil,root morphology,agronomic traits and yield at maturity were measured.Analysis of variance shows that compared with the control,the content of nutrient in the rhizosphere have a significant impact by spraying on the leaf boron fertilizer.With the increase of boron fertilizer concentration,ammonium nitrogen content increased,available phosphorus content increased after reduction first,available potassium content reduced,pH and organic matter increased after lower first in rhizosphere soil.Root length,surface area and volume are first decreases then increases,the average diameter first increases then decreases.Plant height was reduced,number of nodes and plant branching first increases then decreases.Compared with the control(CK),the yield of common buckwheat was significantly increased,shows B>A>C,and increased by 22.38%,31.10%and 9.63%in turn.The correlation analysis showed that the yield and root length were very significant positive correlation,which was significantly positively correlation with the surface area,and has significant negative correlation with the plant height and number of nodes.The results showed that plant configuration of common buckwheat have certain improvement and its yield has increased by spraying 24 mg/L of boron fertilizer aqueous solution in budding stage.

关 键 词：甜荞 叶面硼肥 根系形态 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]