叶面喷施ALA对彩色马蹄莲种球及盆花品质的影响  

Effects of ALA foliage spray on bulbs and potted flowers quality of colored Zantedeschia

作　　者：郭彦兵[1] 屈德洪 吴景芝[1] 金少明 吴红芝[1] GUO Yan-bing;QU De-hong;WU Jing-zhi;JIN Shao-ming;WU Hong-zhi(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Kunming Asia Europe Horticulture Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650211,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学园林园艺学院,昆明650201 [2]昆明亚欧园艺有限公司,昆明650211

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2018年第1期109-115,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660581;31260490);云南省教育厅科学研究基金重大专项项目(ZD2014008)

摘　　要：【目的】探索5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)对彩色马蹄莲种球及其盆花品质的影响,为改善马蹄莲种球及盆花品质提供技术支持。【方法】自彩色马蹄莲栽培品种ym039和ym088的T1种球种植后45 d、长出3~4片叶时开始,每隔30 d叶面喷施1次不同浓度ALA溶液,以喷施清水为对照(CK),分别测定各处理植株的叶片数、叶长、叶宽、株高和叶绿素含量;采收种球(T2种球)后测定其鲜重、干重、围径及可溶性糖和淀粉含量;T2种球以盆栽方式种植后,测定其盆花的花蕾数、花朵横径和纵径。【结果】喷施10.0~30.0 mg/L ALA均能不同程度增加马蹄莲植株叶片数、叶长、叶宽和株高,以喷施25.0 mg/L的效果最佳;ALA处理ym039和ym088植株叶片的叶绿素含量最高分别为124.87和120.76 mg/g FW,采收的种球(T2种球)最大鲜重、干重和围径分别为84.08和72.89 g、70.84和61.42 g及19.78和19.52 cm,均明显高于CK,可溶性糖和淀粉含量也明显提高,且均以喷施25.0 mg/L效果最佳。此外,ym039和ym088的T2种球以盆栽方式种植后,盆花的最大花蕾数、花朵横径和纵径分别为4.72和4.28个、8.20和7.83 cm及8.03和9.52 cm,均显著高于CK(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果表明,喷施ALA彩色马蹄莲叶片的叶绿素含量、T2种球的可溶性糖含量及盆花的花蕾数间呈正相关关系,其中,ym088叶片的叶绿素含量、T2种球的可溶性糖含量分别与盆花的花蕾数呈显著和极显著(P<0.01)正相关。【结论】叶面喷施外源ALA能明显改善彩色马蹄莲种球及其生产盆花的品质,以喷施25.0 mg/L的效果最佳。【Objective】Effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)on quality of colored Zantedeschia bulbs and potted flowers were explored to provide technical support for improving the quality of colored Zantedeschia bulbs and potted flowers.【Method】After growing T1 bulbs of colored Zantedeschia cultivars ym039 and ym088 for 45 d and the bulds grew 3-4 leaves,ALA solution of different concentrations was sprayed on leaves of them every 30 d,and clear water was sprayed on control(CK).Leaf number,leaf length,leaf width,plant height and chlorophyll content of all the treated plants were measured.Fresh weight,dry weight,diameter,soluble sugar content and starch content of T2 bulbs were measured after harvesting.The T2 bulbs were planted in pots,then flower bud number,flower transverse diameter and flower longitudinal diameter were measured.【Result】Leaf number,leaf length,leaf width and plant height of colored Zantedeschia increased at various extents after treated by 10.0-30.0 mg/L ALA,and the effects of 25.0 mg/L ALA were the optimal.The highest chlorophyll contents in leaves of ALA-treated ym039 and ym088 were 124.87 and 120.76 mg/gFW respectively,and the largest fresh weight,dry weight and diameter of bulbs were 84.08 and 72.89 g,70.84 and 61.42 g,19.78 and 19.52 cm for ym039 and ym088,which were obviously higher than CK.The contents of soluble sugar and starch also significantly increased,and the effects of 25.0 mg/LALA were the best for these indicators.In addition,the maximum number of flower buds,flower transverse diameter and flower longitudinal diameter of T2 bulbs were 4.72 and 4.28,8.20 and 7.83 cm,8.03 and 9.52 cm for ym039 and ym088 respectively,which were significantly higher than those of CK(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that after spraying ALA,there was positive co-rrelation among leaf chlorophyll content,soluble sugar content of T2 bulb and flower bud number of potted Zantedeschia.There was significant positive correlation between leaf chlorophyll content and flower bud number of ym088,and extremely

关 键 词：彩色马蹄莲 5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA) 叶面喷施 种球生产 盆花生产 

分 类 号：S681[农业科学—观赏园艺]