输血产生红细胞不规则抗体36例的回顾性分析  

Retrospective Analysis on Irregular Antibodies in 36 Patients by Transfusion

作　　者：王文婷[1] 谢霞[1] 崔颖[1] 杨世明[1] 穆士杰[1] WANG Wen-ting;XIE xia;CUI ying;MU Shi-jie(Department of Blood Transfusion,Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University,Xi'an 710038)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院输血科,西安710038

出　　处：《临床输血与检验》2018年第1期36-38,共3页Journal of Clinical Transfusion and Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的统计分析本院患者因输血产生的红细胞不规则抗体的特异性及用血情况,探寻促进临床安全有效用血的措施。方法收集整理本院2013年1月~2015年12月22 306例输血患者资料,统计红细胞不规则抗体筛查及抗体鉴定试验结果,分析输血产生红细胞不规则抗体的几率及特异性。结果 22 306例输血患者中,输血前红细胞不规则抗体筛选阴性22 215例,输血后红细胞不规则抗体筛选试验阳性41例,阳性率0.18%(41/22 215)。其中36例进行抗体特异性鉴定,检出Rh系统抗体29例,占80.56%;Lewis系统5例,占13.88%;Kidd系统2例,占5.56%。36例患者中,有14例因输注红细胞类血液成分产生不规则抗体,有4例单独输注冰冻血浆或单采血小板产生不规则抗体,有18例输注含红细胞的多种血液成分产生不规则抗体。结论输血前对受血者、献血者进行不规则抗体筛查和Rh抗原检测,给予不刺激机体产生相应抗体的异体血液,可大幅降低因输血产生的不规则抗体,是确保临床输血安全的一个重要手段。Objective Statistical analysis the antibody specificity and transfusion of patients due to blood transfusion of red blood cells of irregular antibodies,explore the measures to promote the saftey and effectiveness of blood transfusion.Methods 22 306 cases of blood transfusion patient was collected from January 2013 to December 2015,to statistics analysis the red blood cells of irregular antibodies screening evaluation test results and the red blood cells of irregular antibody specificity.Results There were 22 215 cases which were negative for irregular antibody in 22 306 cases of blood transfusion samples,and 41 cases were positive after blood transfusion,at a rate of 0.18%(41/22 215).Specific antibodies were found in 3 6 cases,Rh system antibodies were detected in 2 9 cases,accounting for 8 0.5 6%(2 9/3 6);Lewis system antibodies were found in 5 cases,accounting for 13.88%(5/36);Kidd system antibodies were found in 2 cases,accounting for 5.56%(2/36).Among 36 patients,14 patients produce irregular antibody with transfusion of red blood cell,there are 4 cases of frozen plasma infusion alone or platelets,18 cases of infusion contains a variety of blood composition.Conclusion Irregular antibody screening and identification of the Rh system antigen in blood donors and recipients before blood transfusion,and transfusion of the suitable blood which can significantly reduce the produce of irregular antibodies,was an important means to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

关 键 词：不规则抗体 筛查 输血 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]