大连市2011～2015年无偿献血人群的分布特点及变化趋势  

Research on the Voluntary Blood Donors Distribution and Changing Trend in Dalian from 2011 to 2015

作　　者：高勇[1] 王黎[1] 马杰[1] 范亚欣[1] 梁晓华[1] GAO Yong;WANG Li;MA Jie(Dalian Blood Center,Dalian 116001)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省大连市血液中心,116001

出　　处：《临床输血与检验》2018年第1期39-42,共4页Journal of Clinical Transfusion and Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析大连市2011~2015年无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布特点及变化趋势,为制订和改进无偿献血者招募策略提供参考。方法采用唐山启奥软件信息管理系统,以2011~2015年在大连市血液中心献血的无偿献血者为研究对象,对无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布及变化趋势进行分析。结果大连地区献血人数逐年增加,男性献血者始终多于女性,且男女献血比例差距进一步拉大(63.2%VS 36.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。献血者平均年龄增加2.5岁(P<0.01)。在2011~2015年,18~25岁年龄段献血者比例呈逐渐降低趋势(49.2%VS 38.7%,P<0.01);>25~35岁年龄段献血者比例变化不大,差异无统计学意义(26.1%VS25.9%,P>0.05);>35~45岁和>45岁2个年龄段献血者比例均逐渐升高(17.2%VS 21.6%,P<0.01;7.5%VS 13.8%,P<0.01)。街头献血者比例逐年下降(82.4%V S 72.8%,P<0.01),团体献血者比例逐年上升(17.6%V S 27.2%,P<0.01)。结论大连地区无偿献血人群的性别、年龄以及街头和团体献血人次的分布,有其自身特点,所占比例也在不断变化。应根据无偿献血人群的特征,加强对不同群体的宣传教育,制定合理的献血者招募策略,满足临床用血需求。Objective To analyze the distribution pattern and changing trend on gender,age and background(organizations or individuals)among voluntary blood donors from 2011 to 2015,evolve and improve reference basis for donor recruitment measures.Methods Collected data of blood donors in Dalian from 2011 to 2015 including gender,age and background(organizations or individuals).Then analyzed the distribution varied trend of donators employing Tangshan Qiao Analyzing System.Results The number of blood donors in Dalian has been increasing every year.Male blood donors always exceed females in scale.The gender gap has further widened beyond proportion(63.2%VS36.8%)and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);the mean age of blood donors has increased by 2.5 years(P<0.01).From 2 0 1 1 to 2 0 1 5,the donation proportion of aged 1 8～2 5 decreased gradually(49.2%VS3 8.7%,P<0.01),and no significant differences was observed in the age group of>2 5～3 5(2 6.1%VS2 5.9%,P>0.0 5),but>3 5～4 5 and over>4 5 gradually increased(17.2%VS21.6%,P<0.01;7.5%VS13.8%,P<0.01).From 2011 to 2015,the ratio of individual blood donation decreased from 8 2.4%to 7 2.8%(P<0.01)while that of organization donors increased from 1 7.6%to 2 7.2%(P<0.01).Conclusion The distribution of voluntary blood donors in Dalian,including gender,age and background(organizations or individuals),has its own characteristics.The donation proportion of voluntary blood donors from different population shows great volatility,so we should strengthen publicity toward blood donors from different age and education levels,establish reasonable blood donor recruitment measures and ensure enough blood supply.

关 键 词：无偿献血者 性别 年龄 街头献血 团体献血 

分 类 号：R193.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]