基于轮胎偏磨的悬架多目标优化设计  

Multi-objective optimization design of suspension based on tire eccentric wear

作　　者：张鹏 郑泉[2] 刘晨[3] ZHANG Peng;ZHENG Quan;LIU Chen(School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,West Anhui University,Lu’an 237012,China;School of Engineering,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China)

机构地区：[1]皖西学院机械与车辆工程学院,安徽六安237012 [2]安徽农业大学工学院,安徽合肥230036 [3]合肥工业大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第2期164-168,共5页Journal of Hefei University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学重点资助项目(KJ2015A305);教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2016OEIOF04)

摘　　要：针对目前市场性能反馈的轮胎偏磨问题,文章提出了一种悬架优化方法。以某款轮胎偏磨严重的前麦弗逊悬架为研究对象,基于ADAMS/Car软件建立了麦弗逊悬架多体动力学模型,并通过实验数据验证了该模型的正确性;在此基础上,定量分析了前轮定位参数对轮胎偏磨的影响;为合理选择该悬架硬点,基于邻域培植多目标遗传算法(neighborhood cultivation genetic algorithm,NCGA)选取侧滑量、轮距、外倾角和前束角为联合优化目标函数,对关键硬点进行优化,从而实现了全局最优。结果表明:侧滑量、轮距、前束角的变化范围分别减小了11%、22%、98%,有效减少了轮胎偏磨,悬架综合性能得到了改善,有利于提高整车的操纵稳定性,对解决该类轮胎的偏磨问题具有一定的指导意义。A suspension optimization method was proposed for the tire eccentric wear problem in view of the performance feedback in current market.Taking a front McPherson suspension of tires with serious eccentric wear as the research object,the multi-body dynamics model of McPherson suspension was established by ADAMS/Car software,and the correctness of the model was verified by experimental data.On this basis,the quantitative analysis of the effect of front wheel alignment parameters on tire wear was made.For the reasonable selection of the suspension hard points,the sideslip,wheel track,camber and toe angle were selected as the optimization object function based on neighborhood cultivation genetic algorithm(NCGA),and the optimization of key hard points was conducted,so as to achieve the global optimum.The results show that the change range of sideslip is reduced by 11%,the change range of wheel track is reduced by 22%,and the change range of toe angle is reduced by 98%,which can reduce the tire eccentric wear,and improve the comprehensive performance of suspension and the vehicle handling stability.It can provide guidance for solving the problem of eccentric wear of tire.

关 键 词：轮胎偏磨 侧滑量 多目标遗传算法 前轮定位参数 麦弗逊悬架 

分 类 号：U463.2[机械工程—车辆工程]