施肥及栽培密度对工业大麻产量的影响  

Effects of fertilization pattern and planting density on yield of hemp

作　　者：江谷驰弘 陈学文 余健 胡国庆 孙涛[1] JIANG–GU Chihong;CHEN Xuewen;YU Jian;HU Guoqing;SUN Tao(Institute of Agriculture Science of Xishuangbanna Dai Nationality Autonomous Prefecture,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南西双版纳傣族自治州农业科学研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期22-25,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家麻类产业技术体系资助项目(CARS–19–05B)

摘　　要：以‘云麻1号’为材料,设施肥总量300、600、900 kg/hm^2(分别记为A1、A2、A3),栽培密度450 000、675 000株/hm^2(分别记为B1、B2),N、P_2O_5、K_2O质量比为3∶1∶2、4∶1∶2(分别记为C1、C2),通过3因素裂区设计研究施肥量和栽培密度对工业大麻秆、皮、叶产量的影响。结果表明:A2B1C1处理的株高(396.67 cm)最高,茎粗(1.66 cm)最粗;A2B2C2处理的每公顷有效株数最多;麻秆、麻皮、麻叶产量最高的处理是A2B1C1,分别为12 139.55、2 971.49、3 527.65 kg/hm^2;栽培密度、施肥比例、栽培密度和施肥比例的互作、施肥总量和栽培密度与肥料比例3者之间的互作对麻秆产量有极显著的影响;施肥总量、栽培密度、肥料比例、施肥总量与施肥比例的互作、栽培密度与肥料比例的互作、施肥总量和栽培密度与肥料比例3者之间的互作对麻皮产量有极显著影响;施肥总量与栽培密度的互作对麻皮产量有显著影响;施肥总量和肥料比例的互作、栽培密度与肥料比例的互作对麻叶产量有极显著影响。综合分析结果,‘云麻1号’的栽培以施肥总量600 kg/hm^2,N、P_2O_5、K_2O质量比3∶1∶2,密度450 000株/hm^2为佳。In this experiment,‘Yunma–1’was used as material,with the split–split plot design,three fertilization levels(300,600 and 900 kg/hm2(marked as A1,A2 and A3)),two planting density levels(450 000 and 675 000 stalks per hm2(marked as B1 and B2))and two different fertilizer proportions(N∶P2O5∶K2O=3∶1∶2 and N∶P2O5∶K2O=4∶1∶2(marked as C1 and C2))were conducted to measure the interaction of these factors and their effects on the yield of stem,bark and leaf of‘Yunma–1’.The results showed that A2B1C1 treatment had the highest plant height(396.67 cm)and the most thick stem(1.66 cm);A2B2C2 treatment had the largest numbers of effective stalks per hectare;A2B1C1 treatment had the highest yield of stem(12 139.55 kg/hm2),bark(2 971.49 kg/hm2)and leaf(3 527.65 kg/hm2).There was a highly significant relationship between yield of stem and planting density,yield of stem and fertilizer proportion,yield of stem and the interaction of planting density and fertilizer proportion,yield of stem and the interaction of fertilizing amount,planting density and fertilizer proportion.The yield of bark of‘Yunma–1’had a highly significant relationship with fertilizing amount,planting density,fertilizer proportion,the interaction of fertilizing amount and proportion,the interaction of planting density and fertilizer proportion and the interaction of fertilizing amount,planting density and fertilizer proportion.There was a significant relationship between yield of bark and the interaction of fertilizing amount and planting density.The interaction of fertilizing amount and proportion,the interaction of planting density and fertilizer proportion both had a highly significant relationship with the yield of leaf of‘Yunma–1’.Therefore,for‘Yunma–1’,the optimal fertilizing amount was 600 kg/hm2,the optimal fertilizing proportion of N,P2O5 and K2O was 3∶1∶2 and the optimal planting density proportion was 450 000 stalks per hm2.

关 键 词：工业大麻 施肥量 施肥比例 栽培密度 产量 

分 类 号：S563.3[农业科学—作物学]