超声空化场分布的动力学机理研究  

The dynamic mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation field distribution

作　　者：杨芬 张明铎[1] 何倩 谭安乾 YANG Fen;ZHANG Mingduo;HE Qian;TAN Anqian(College of Physics and Information Technology/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ultrasonics, Shaanxi Normal University,Xi′an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学物理学与信息技术学院/陕西省超声学重点实验室,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第1期37-40,共4页Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11774214);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11474191)

摘　　要：超声技术在机械制造中获得了广泛的应用,其应用与声场分布有着密切的关系,精细准确地描述声场分布则是超声技术更广泛地投入实际应用中的关键。该文基于声波叠加原理和牛顿第二定律,分析了染色法生成声像图的物理原因。结果表明,在声场力的作用下,声场中的亚甲基蓝悬浮粒子总是背离声压波节(力的波腹)而向其波腹(力的波节)聚集。在声压波腹附近,超声空化效应导致原本光洁的铜版纸面变得粗糙,使得汇聚到声压波腹附近的悬浮粒子易于附着在纸面;而在声压波节附近,悬浮粒子几乎不会附着在纸面。因而铜版纸被染色的程度呈现出的"声像"形象地反映了声场强弱的分布。Ultrasonic technology has been widely used in the manufacture of machinery,its application and sound field distribution are closely related.An accurate description of the sound field distribution is the key of ultrasonic technology appling to practice more widely.Based on the sound wave superposition principle and Newton′s second law,the physical reasons for the generation of sonography by staining method is analyzed.The results showed that the methylene blue suspended particles in the sound field always deviate from the sound pressure node(the antinode of force)but gather to its antinode(the node of force)under the effect of sound field force.Ultrasonic cavitation effect leads to the original smooth coated paper become rough near the sound pressure antinode,which also leads to the suspended particles in this area easily attach to the paper.But the suspended particles can hardly attach to the surface of the paper near the sound pressure node.Therefore,the degree of coated paper that presents the"sonography"reflects the acoustic intensity distribution vividly.

关 键 词：驻波场 声压 波腹 波节 声场力 染色法 

分 类 号：O426.2[理学—声学]