长江航道疏浚土潜在的健康风险  

Potential health risk of dredged soil contamination in the Yangtze River waterway

作　　者：胡红兵 吴中乔 高辰龙 刘燕婕[4] HU Hong-bing;WU Zhong-qiao;GAO Chen-long;LIU Yan-jie(Changjiang Waterway Bureau,Wuhan 430019,China;Wuhan HSL Technologies,Wuhan 430010,China;Changjiang Wuhan Waterway Bureau,Wuhan 430014,China;Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Changjiang River Administration of Navigational Affairs,Wuhan 430019,China)

机构地区：[1]长江航道局,湖北武汉430019 [2]武汉汉瑞隆德检测技术有限公司,湖北武汉430010 [3]长江武汉航道局,湖北武汉430014 [4]长江航务管理局环境监测中心,湖北武汉430019

出　　处：《水运工程》2018年第1期45-49,共5页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：交通运输部长江航务管理局科技项目(201430010)

摘　　要：采集长江中游荆江太平口航道河段疏浚土或底泥,检测铬(Cr)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)元素的含量,利用健康风险评价法进行潜在健康风险评价,分析长江航道疏浚土污染状况及潜在健康风险。结果表明,各采集点Cu含量在151.11~253.21μg/g,工程河段下游毗邻排污口处底泥As、Cd含量分别为28.01、0.84μg/g,均超过土壤环境质量二级标准;以皮肤接触为污染暴露途径,施工区下游毗邻排污口底泥Cd的非致癌风险危害商(HQ)>1,存在一定风险,其余元素非致癌风险在可接受范围;致癌物Cr、Cd的致癌风险集中在10^(-7)~10^(-6),在可接受范围,太平口航道疏浚点、整治工程点,以及施工区域毗邻排污口疏浚土(底泥)As致癌风险水平较高,分别为1.52×10^(-5)/a、1.44×10^(-5)/a、4.04×10^(-5)/a,存在一定风险,但未超过国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受值(5.0×10^(-5)/a)。鉴于荆江航道太平口河段底泥已受As、Cd污染,应加强监测评价。To collect the dredged soil and sediment in the Jingjiang section of the Yangtze River,we test the contents of chromium,copper,arsenic,cadmium and lead in dredged soil.We apply the health risk assessment model to evaluate the risk of contamination in soil and sediment to analyze the health risks of dredged soil pollution in the Yangtze River.The results show that the copper content is between 151.11~253.21μg g.The level of arsenic and cadmium in the downstream of channel engineering exceeds the national secondary standard,and the contents of arsenic and cadmium are 28.01μg g and 0.84μg g.The non-carcinogenic risk index of cadmium is greater than 1 in downstream drainage outlets of channel engineering.The non-carcinogenic risks of the rest of the elements are acceptable.The cancer risk of chromium and cadmium are concentrated in 10-7~10-6.But the rang of carcinogenic risk of arsenic in dredging point,waterway engineering point and sewage outfall point are 1.52×10-5 a,1.44×10-5 a and 4.04×10-5 a.During waterway renovation project,special attention should be paid to the hazard caused by arsenic and cadmium.

关 键 词：航道疏浚 疏浚土 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：U616[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]