模拟髋关节置换后股骨假体应力松弛的力学特性分析  

Stress relaxation mechanics characteristics of femoral prosthesis after simulating hip replacement

作　　者：王刚[1] 李新颖[2] 张树泉[3] 李亚军[4] Wang Gang;Li Xin-ying;Zhang Shu-quan;Li Ya-jun(Department of Orthopedics,Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Department of Ultrasound,China Japan Union Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130031,Jilin Province,China;Department of Orthopedics,Tianjin Nankai Hospital,Tianjin 300100,China;Mathematics School,Jilin University,Changchun 130028,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学附属医院骨科,内蒙古自治区通辽市028000 [2]吉林大学中日联谊医院超声科,吉林省长春市130031 [3]天津市南开医院骨科,天津市300100 [4]吉林大学数学学院,吉林省长春市130028

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第3期385-391,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20110492)~~

摘　　要：背景:以往髋关节与髋关节置换生物力学研究多以假体置入后压缩、弯曲、扭转力学性能与假体置入后三维有限元力学分析居多,关于模拟假体置换股骨置入不同假体后的应力松弛特性研究鲜有报道。目的:通过模拟髋关节置换后股骨的应力松弛实验,从流变学角度对临床髋关节置换后2种人工假体进行对比分析,为临床提供应力松弛特性参数。方法:随机取8个股骨标本作为传统型假体置入组,将标本分别固定于操作平台上,于小转子上方1.5 cm处至股骨颈外侧大转子底部截骨,去掉股骨头和大部分股骨颈,挖除股骨截面远端的松质骨,由大转子侧向远端通髓腔,确定髓腔位置,用髓腔锤扩髓,清除内部的碎屑;另取8个股骨标本作为保留股骨颈解剖型假体置入组。分别将2组标本置于试验机工作台上以50%/min的应变增加速度进行实验,设定时间7 200 s,采集100个数据。结果与结论:(1)已有报道正常股骨7 200 s应力松弛量为0.384 MPa,保留股骨颈解剖型假体组和传统型假体组7 200 s应力松弛量分别为0.379 MPa和0.362 MPa,保留股骨颈解剖型假体固定组7 200 s应力松弛量大于传统假体固定组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05);(2)得出了2组标本的应力松弛数据,采用三参数模型建立了应力松弛方程,更有利于阐明不同假体置入股骨后的应力松弛特性;(3)结果表明,保留股骨颈假体固定组和传统假体固定组具有不同的应力松弛力学特性;保留股骨颈解剖型假体由于保留了股骨颈,对应力松弛力学特性影响较小。BACKGROUND:The previous biomechanical study of hip and hip replacement mostly analyzed the compressive,flexural and torsional mechanical properties and the three-dimensional finite element mechanics after prosthesis placement.There are few reports about the stress relaxation characteristics after femoral implant replacement.OBJECTIVE:To compare and analyze two kinds of artificial prostheses after hip replacement from the angle of rheology by simulating femoral stress relaxation experiment so as to provide stress relaxation characteristics parameters.METHODS:Eight femoral samples were randomly selected as the conventional prosthesis group.The specimen was fixed to the operation platform.The specimens were taken from the part of 1.5 cm above trochanter minor to trochanter major.After removal of the femoral head and most of the femoral neck,cancellous bone distal to the femoral section was removed.Medullary cavity was dredged from the distal side of trochanter major to determine the position of medullary cavity.The medullary cavity hammer was used to expand the medullary cavity.The detritus inside was removed.An additional eight femoral specimens were randomly taken for femoral neck prosthesis group.Two groups of samples were placed on the workbench,and experiment was conducted at increased strain speed of 50%/min.The time was set at 7 200 s,and 100 data were collected.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Stress relaxation amount was 0.384 MPa at 7 200 s in normal femur as previously reported.The stress relaxation amount was 0.379 MPa and 0.362 MPa in the conventional prosthesis group and femoral neck prosthesis group.The stress relaxation amount was significantly larger in the femoral neck prosthesis group than in the conventional prosthesis group at 7 200 s(P<0.05).(2)Two groups of stress relaxation data were obtained and stress relaxation equation was established by three parameters of the model.It is conducive to clarify the stress relaxation characteristics of different implants into the femur.(3)Femoral neck prosthesis g

关 键 词：关节成形术 置换 髋 应力 物理 假体植入 组织工程 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]