肾结石形成解剖学因素研究  

A study of the anatomical factors of kidney stones formation

作　　者：段中阳[1] 李昕[1] DUAN Zhong-yang;LI Xin(Department of Urology Surgery,The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳军区总医院泌尿外科,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《创伤与急危重病医学》2018年第1期12-13,17,共3页Trauma and Critical Care Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨肾结石形成解剖学因素。方法回顾性分析沈阳军区总医院自2014年6月至2015年12月收治的132例肾结石患者的影像学资料。根据结石位置将患者分为中上盏结石组(n=21)、下盏结石组(n=60)和铸型结石组(n=51)。比较肾中上盏结石组与下盏结石组的解剖学因素。铸型结石组不做进一步的解剖学指标分析。结果中上盏结石组与下盏结石组在肾盏长度、肾盏穹窿部最大宽度、肾盂体积方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。下盏结石组患者肾盏漏斗部最窄处的宽度、肾盂夹角显著高于中上盏结石组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中上盏结石组肾盏长度与漏斗部最窄处宽度比值、肾盏穹窿部最大宽度与漏斗部最窄处宽度比值显著高于下盏结石组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论肾结石的形成与解剖学因素有密切关系,肾盂出口梗阻、肾盂体积小、肾盂出口相对狭窄等可能是造成中上盏结石形成的重要因素。Objective To investigate the anatomical factors of kidney stones formation.Methods A retrospective study was performed on 132 cases of patients with kidney stones who were admitted from June 2014 to December 2015.According to the location of kidney stones,patients were divided into the middle-upper calyx calculi group(n=21)and the lower calyx calculi group(n=60),and casting mold calculi group(n=51).The anatomical factors were compared between the middle-upper calyx calculi group and the lower calyx calculi group.There was no further anatomical index analysis in the casting mold calculi group.Results There was no statistically significant difference between the middle-upper calyx calculi and lower calyceal calculi in calyceal length,the maximum width of calyceal fornix and pelvic volume(P>0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the width of the narrowest part of calyceal funnel,included angle of renal pelvis,ratio between calyceal length and the width of the narrowest part of calyceal funnel,ratio between the maximum width of calyceal fornix and the width of the narrowest part of renal calyceal funnel(P<0.05).Conclusion The formation of kidney stones has a close relationship with the anatomic factors;renal pelvis outlet obstruction,small volume of the renal pelvis,and renal pelvis exports relatively narrow may be important factors in the formation of middle-upper calyx calculi.

关 键 词：肾结石 解剖学因素 肾盂 

分 类 号：R692.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]