通辽地区玉米机械化深松改土效果分析  

Analysis of maize mechanized subsoiling for soil improvement in Tongliao

作　　者：薛永杰[1] 姚影[1] 赵文生 冯玉涛 李金琴[1] 吕岩[1] 常立兴 XUE Yongjie;YAO Ying;ZHAO Wensheng;FENG Yutao;LI Jinqin;LV Yan;CHANG Lixing(Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Tongliao City,Tongliao 028000,China;Khorchin Left Middle Banner Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Baokang 029300,China)

机构地区：[1]通辽市农业技术推广站,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]科左中旗农业技术推广中心,内蒙古保康029300

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2017年第4期6-10,共5页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B04)

摘　　要：通过对深松和浅旋耕对比试验,分析2种技术对耕层土壤含水量、容重的影响和对玉米叶面积指数、干物质积累、产量及产量构成因子的影响,结果表明:深松效果优于浅旋耕。在春季播种前和秋季收获后土壤含水量深松处理均比浅旋耕增加;0~15 cm土层土壤容重差异不大,15~35 cm土层土壤容重深松比浅旋耕明显降低;0~40 cm根系干物质质量、地上部分干物质质量及叶面积指数在拔节期、吐丝期、乳熟期,深松处理均比浅旋耕增加。通过深松打破犁底层,提升了耕层土壤蓄水保水能力,促进玉米根系生长,提高了根系吸收能力,达到根深叶茂、根冠协调,玉米百粒重平均提高了14.40%,产量比浅旋耕增加9.07%。The experiment were conducted to study the effects of mechanized subsoiling and rotary tillage cultivation technology on topsoil water,bulk density,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation,yield and yield factors.The results showed that the effect of subsoiling technology is superior to shallow tillage.Subsoiling could increase soil water more than rotary tillage before maize seeding and after harvest.The soil bulk density of subsoiling was significantly lower than shallow tillage in15~35 cm except 0~15 cm soil layer.In corn jointing stage,silking stage and the milk stage,compared with the shallow tillage,the root dry weight in 0~40 cm soil layer,aboveground dry matter weight,leaf area index in subsoiling were increased.Subsoiling effectively disrupted the plough pan and improving capacity of water storage,water retention in soil.Subsoiling could prompt the root growth and increase the absorptive capacity of maize roots,and thus thick with leaves and deep-rooted,root cap coordination,which increased of 14.40%hundred grain weight,the yield increase of more than 9.07%shallow tillage.

关 键 词：玉米 深松 土壤含水量 容重 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]