水稻株高和每穗颖花数的6个世代联合遗传分析  

Joint Genetic Analysis on Plant Height and Spikelets Per Panicle by Using Six Generations of Two Crosses in Indica Rice

作　　者：刘金波[1] 徐波[1] 李建红 李健[1] 刘艳[1] 周振玲[1] 杨波[1] 迟铭[1] 宋兆强[1] 卢百关 方兆伟 王宝祥[1] 徐大勇[1] LIU Jinbo;XU Bo;LI Jianhong;LI Jian;LIU Yan;ZHOU Zhenling;YANG Bo;CHI Ming;SONG Zhaoqiang;LU Baiguan;FANG Zhaowei;WANG Baoxiang;XU Dayong(Academy of Lianyungang Agricultural Science,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,Lianyungang 222000,China;Jiangxi Seed Administration Bureau,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省连云港市农业科学院,江苏省现代作物生产协同创新中心,江苏连云港222000 [2]江西省种子管理局,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《华北农学报》2017年第A01期88-94,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：现代农业技术体系建设专项资金;江苏省科技支撑计划子项目(BE2016370-3);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20161299);连云港市科技攻关项目(CN1502);产学研联合研究项目(CXY1523);国家科技支撑计划子课题(2015BAD01B01)

摘　　要：为探明杂交水稻株高和每穗颖花数的遗传规律,以2个大穗高秆籼稻恢复系WHR2和DSBao、1个矮秆籼稻恢复系矮93为试验材料,配制2个杂交组合WHR2×矮93、DSBao×矮93,由此产生的P_1、P_2、F_1、B_1、B_2和F_2 6个世代群体,运用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,对株高和每穗颖花数2个性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明,株高和每穗颖花数性状的遗传模型均符合2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性多基因模型。根据遗传模型,对模型中成分分布进行拟合,真实地再现性状的次数分布规律。同时发现,2个性状的遗传均以加性效应为主。植株高对植株矮呈部分显性,在杂种优势利用中可以提高杂种的生物产量,增强杂种抗倒性。每穗颖花数的少对多呈部分显性,不利于大穗的形成,影响产量优势的发挥。因此,为了合理利用矮93亲本的株高较矮特性,选用遗传距离较远、丰产性高的恢复系或不育系杂交,打破每穗颖花数不利基因的连锁,选育高产杂交水稻新组合。The inheritances of plant height and spikelets per panicle were studied in hybrid Indica.Their genetic analysis were discussed based on the major gene-polygene mixed inheritance model with P1,P2,F1,B1,B2,F2 six generation derived from two crosses of WHR2×Ai 93 and DSBao×Ai 93.The results showed that the inheritances of plant height and spikelets per panicle were controlled by two major genes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects plus polygene with additive-dominant effects.According to the genetic models,the components distribution was fitted,and the distributions of the characters were truly revealed.For two traits,additive effects were principal.The plant height was partly dominant to the dawf,and the heterosis could improve the biological yield of hybrid and increase the lodging resistance of hybrid.The less number of spikelets per panicle was partially dominant to the more,which was not conducive to the formation of big panicles and affected the yield advantage.Therefore,in order to make rational use of plant height characteristics in the restorer Ai 93,it was bred with high yield restorer or sterile lines of more spikelets per panicle with genetic distance to break the unfavorable gene linkage,which cultivated breeding of new hybrid rice combination with high yield.

关 键 词：水稻 株高 每穗颖花数 遗传 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]