沼液对芥菜产量、品质及病虫害防治的影响  

Effects of Biogas Slurry on Yield,Quality and Control on the Disease and Pest of Leaf Mustard

作　　者：毛晓月 伍钧 孟晓霞[2] 魏珂 张智慧 赖星 肖亨 MAO Xiaoyue;WU Jun;MENG Xiaoxia;WEI Ke;ZHANG Zhihui;LAI Xing;XIAO Heng(College of Environment Sciences,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Luzhou Central Station of Environmental Monitoring,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学环境学院,四川成都611130 [2]四川省环境保护科学研究院,四川成都610041 [3]泸州市环境监测中心站,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《华北农学报》2017年第A01期283-289,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：四川省科技支撑项目(2014NZ0045;2016NZ0039)

摘　　要：为了探索沼液合理的资源化利用方法,为沼液农用提供理论参考,因地制宜地指导农业生产,降低农业生产成本,研究了沼液农用对芥菜产量、品质以及病虫害防治的影响,探究在芥菜产量、品质以及病虫害防治状况最佳情况下的沼液施用量。结果表明,与化肥对照(处理2)相比,大部分施用沼液的小区芥菜产量有所提高,芥菜营养品质有所改善,沼液施用量控制在83 333~108 333 kg/hm^2时,芥菜生长优良,产量相对较高,沼液施用量控制在91 667~108 333 kg/hm^2时,芥菜品质达到最优。综合考虑芥菜产量和品质,替代化肥施用的沼液控制在91 667~108 333kg/hm^2时最佳。适量沼液喷施对芥菜病虫害防治有良好作用。沼液施用量控制在1 750~2 500 kg/hm^2时,芥菜虫口密度接近施药对照;沼液施用量控制在2 250~2 500 kg/hm^2时,芥菜虫害率和病情指数均相对最低且接近农药处理对照,当替代农药喷施的沼液控制在2 250~2 500 kg/hm^2时,对芥菜病虫害防治得到较好效果。综上所述,施用沼液能显著提高芥菜产量,保证芥菜品质优良,同时对芥菜病虫害防治效果良好,但需要控制在一定施用量范围内并合理施用才能保证芥菜生长各方面的需求,提高沼液的利用效益。In order to explore methods of the reasonable resource utilization on biogas slurry,provide a reference for local biogas slurry agricultural,adjust measures to guide agricultural production with local conditions,and reduce agricultural production costs,this study researched the effect of biogas slurry on leaf mustard yield,quality and control on the disease and pest,explored the application amount of biogas slurry under leaf mustard yield,quality and pest control best-case situation.Compared with the fertilizer control(CK2),in the most areas with biogas application slurry the production of leaf mustard had improved,nutritional quality of leaf mustard had improved,leaf mustard grow better,the yield of leaf mustard were maintained at a relatively high level when the biogas slurry that instead of fertilizer application rate was controlled in the range of 83 333 to 108 333 kg/ha;the quality of leaf mustard achieved the best when the biogas slurry that instead of fertilizer application rate was controlled in the range of 91 667 to 108 333 kg/ha,considering the output and quality of leaf mustard,the biogas slurry used instead of chemical fertilizer would be optimal at 91 667-108 333 kg/ha.A moderate amount of biogas slurry spraying had the benefits to diseases and insect pests prevention and control of leaf mustard.When the biogas slurry seems control during 1 750-2 500 kg/ha,leaf mustard hundred plant bug number close to CK2;when applying biogas slurry content control during 2 250-2 500 kg/ha,the rates of insect pest and disease index mustard were relatively minimum and close to CK2,so in this study,leaf mustard pest control effect was relatively better when the biogas slurry that instead of pesticides application rate was controlled in the range of 2 250 to 2 500 kg/ha.In summary,through the application of compares with two groups of contrast(CK1 and CK2),application of biogas slurry can significantly improve the production of leaf mustard,ensure the good quality of leaf mustard,as well as has good benefit to plant d

关 键 词：沼液 芥菜 产量 品质 病虫害 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学] S636.01[农业科学—农业基础科学]