施用生物有机肥对土壤酶活性及作物产量的影响  

Effect of Biological Organic Manure on Soil Enzyme Activity and Crop Yields

作　　者：胡诚[1] 刘东海[1] 乔艳[1] 刘友梅[1] 李双来[1] 陈云峰[1] HU Cheng;LIU Donghai;QIAO Yan;LIU Youmei;LI Shuanglai;CHEN Yunfeng(Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Key Laboratory of Fertilizer Resource Utilization in Wastes,Ministry of Agriculture,Wuhan 430064,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所农业部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室,湖北武汉430064

出　　处：《华北农学报》2017年第A01期308-312,共5页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200109);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB127400);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003016;201203030);湖北省农业创新中心专项资金项目(2016-620-003-03);湖北省农业科学院重大研发成果培育项目(2017CGPY01)

摘　　要：为了研究长期施用生物有机肥对土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和小麦产量的影响,在中国农业大学曲周试验站进行了7年的施用15.0,7.5 t/hm2有机肥(包括EM堆肥、EM鸡粪肥和传统堆肥)、施用化肥和对照处理的田间试验。结果表明,随着有机肥用量的提高,土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性和小麦产量增加。施用化肥也可以提高作物产量与土壤脲酶的活性。土壤脲酶的活性在不同施肥处理中的变化趋势是:对照<化肥处理<堆肥处理。土壤碱性磷酸酶与过氧化氢酶活性在不同施肥措施中的变化趋势是:化肥处理<对照<堆肥处理。不同的施肥措施对小麦产量影响的趋势是:对照<化肥处理<传统堆肥处理<EM堆肥处理。土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶及过氧化氢酶活性与土壤有机质含量、土壤养分含量及小麦产量之间呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。In order to study the effect on soil enzyme activity and crop yields in long-term different application fertilizer management practice,a field experiment of different application fertilizer treatment(including EM compost,traditional compost,chemical fertilizer and control)was carried out in Quzhou experimental station,China Agricultural University.The results showed that soil urease,alkali-phosphatase,catalase activity and crop yields were increased when the amount of applied organic manure increased.Applied chemical fertilizer could slightly enhance soil urease activity and crop yields.The soil urease activity in different treatments had the following ascending trend:control<chemical fertilizer treatment<compost treatment.The soil alkali-phosphatase and catalase activity and in different treatments had the following ascending trend:chemical fertilizer treatment<control<compost treatment.The crop yields in different treatments had the following ascending trend:control<chemical fertilizer treatment<traditional compost treatment<EM compost treatment.Soil urease,alkali-phosphatase,catalase activity positively correlated with crop yields and soil organic matter,total N,alkali-hydrolyzable N,available P,and available K contents.

关 键 词：生物有机肥 土壤酶 作物产量 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学]