英语动词网络结构初探  

A Brief Study of the Network Constructions of English Verbs

作　　者：胥少先[1] 周桂蓉 XU Shaoxian;ZHOU Guirong(Mianyang Teachers'College,Mianyang,Sichuan　621000;Mianyang Fenggu Middle School,Mianyang,Sichuan　621000)

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院外国语学院,四川绵阳621000 [2]绵阳市丰谷中学,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2018年第3期61-70,77,共11页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：绵阳市社科联2016年绵阳师范学院专项项目(MYSY2016ZD03);2016年绵阳师范学院"英语语法"在线开放课程(Mnu-JY1640)

摘　　要：国内外文献对英语动词体系作了详细研究,但争论不休而至今无定论的是时和体。本文拟把动词分为四种体:一般、进行、完成和完成进行体,各有主动和被动语态,共八种体和四种时:现在、过去、将来和过去将来时。动词的时、体、态三者结合及式,因有时、人称和数的变化,属限定动词。非限定动词只有体和态的变化。动词的限定和非限定形式,除V-ed分词外,随八种体变化。动词结构越复杂,使用频率越低。动词体系构成的顺序:(时)+体+态,同类不能兼用。由此,英语动词的时、体、态、式及限定和非限定脉络便清晰凸现出来。Literatures at home and abroad have made detailed studies on English verb system,but what has been being disputed and has not been agreed upon are tense and aspect.This paper attempts to divide verbs into four aspects:simple,progressive,perfective and perfective progressive,with their active and passive voices,totaling eight and four tenses:present,past,future and past future.The combinations of tense,aspect and voice,as well as mood,are finite verbs because of their changes of tense,person and number.Nonfinite verbs,however,only have the changes of voice and aspect.Finite verbs and non-finite verbs,except V-ed participle,change with the eight aspects.The more complicated the structures of finite and nonfinite verb phrases are,the less frequently they are used.The order of verb system is(tense,)aspect and voice,with the same kind incompatible.Thus,the close relationships among tense,aspect,voice,mood,finite and nonfinite of English verbs clearly stand out.

关 键 词：英语动词网络结构 时体态和式 限定和非限定动词 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学]