重庆市低槽云系人工增雨作业概念模型  

On Concept Model of Trough Cloud Precipitation Enhancement in Chongqing

作　　者：廖晓荔 夏杰 廖向花[1] LIAO Xiao-li;XIA Jie;LIAO Xiang-hua(Chongqing Weather Modification Office,Chongqing,401147,China;Chongqing Meteorological Administration,Chongqing,401147,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市人工影响天气办公室,重庆401147 [2]重庆市气象局,重庆401147

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第3期116-124,共9页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：中国气象局西南区域气象中心科研项目(西南区域2013-1);重庆市气象局业务技术攻关团队项目(YWGGTD-201628)

摘　　要：本文对2014—2015年重庆市人工增雨作业天气过程(包括地面和飞机作业)进行统计,选取其中作业效果较好的21个个例,利用多种气象观测资料进行分析.根据低槽降水过程对应地面影响系统的不同,将降水天气过程分为有冷锋和无冷锋两种类型.低槽冷锋型过程使降雨产生的区域范围较大,重庆市大部分地区都出现降水;低槽无冷锋型过程使降水产生的区域范围较小,重庆的中西部和长江沿线以北的东北部地区出现降水.重庆市低槽云系的增雨潜力区位于500hPa高空低槽前,700hPa和850hPa切变线之间且温度露点差(t-td)≤2℃的区域,有冷锋影响的天气过程增雨潜力区位于地面冷锋后部.低槽云系降雨天气过程增雨作业的时机可以选择在850hPa切变线开始影响重庆市,且700hPa切变线仍位于四川中东部的时候.冬季的低槽冷锋型降雨过程是最适宜进行人工增雨的天气过程,增雨潜力区位于高空3km附近,中西部和东南部地区的增雨潜力比东北部地区好.The concept model of artificial precipitation enhancement are formulated based on the analysis the meteorological observation data of the 21 successful artificial precipitation enhancement’s cases in Chongqing in 2014-2015(including ground and aircraft operations).The trough cloud precipitations can be divided into two types according to the difference of surface systems:cold frontal and non-cold frontal.The precipitations with cold frontal have the larger rainfall area and occur in most parts of Chongqing.The precipitations with non-cold frontal have the smaller area,often occur in the central-western region and the north side of the Yangtze River in northeast region of Chongqing.The potential area in trough cloud is in front of trough at 500hPa and between the shear lines at 700hPa and 850hPa,with the depression of the dew point(t-t d)less than or equal to 2℃.For the cold frontal type the potential area is also to the back of the ground cold front.The opportunities of precipitation enhancement in trough cloud system can be decided when the 850hPa shear line starts to affect Chongqing,and the 700hPa shear line is still located in central and eastern Sichuan.Winter trough cold front precipitation process is the most appropriate for precipitation enhancement;the potential area is located near the 3 km altitude;the central-western and southeast regions have more potential than the northeast region.

关 键 词：人工增雨 低槽 冷锋 增雨潜力 

分 类 号：P481[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]