蒸发器铜管泄漏原因分析  

Leakage Analysis of Copper Tube in Evaporator

作　　者：石生芳[1] SHI Sheng-fang(Shanghai Institute of Special Equipment Inspection and Technical Research,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市特种设备监督检验技术研究院,上海200062

出　　处：《石油化工设备》2018年第2期71-74,共4页Petro-Chemical Equipment

摘　　要：采用宏观检测、化学成分分析、硬度测定、金相组织分析、扫描电镜分析及X射线能谱等多种检测手段,分析了某蒸发器铜管泄漏并发断裂的原因。综合分析结果表明,蒸发器铜管的化学成分和硬度符合相关标准要求。无缝铜管的泄漏源于铜管在使用中的腐蚀开裂,以及受振动等应力作用发生开裂扩展。铜管的断裂源于拆卸时的外力作用。腐蚀开裂的起因与铜管表面凹坑缺陷及铜管周边介质中含有S等离子有关。表面凹坑容易使腐蚀物局部滞留,并会形成异常电位,进而造成晶状开裂。Macroscopic examination,chemical analysis,hardness measurement,metallographic analysis,scanning electron microscope analysis and X ray energy spectrum analysis were carried out on the evaporator copper tubes with leakage.As a result,the chemical composition and hardness of the evaporator copper tube meet the standard requirements.The leakage of the copper tube is caused by the corrosive crack and the crack propagation under stress of vibration in daily use.The copper tube fracture is caused by external force when disassembled.The cause of corrosion cracking is related to the dimple defect on the copper tube surface and the sulfur plasma in the copper pipe surrounding the copper pipe.The surface pits easily cause the corrosion to remain locally,and the abnormal potential will be formed,resulting in intergranular cracking,which will expand under the vibration and other stress,leading to leakage,and finally fracture under the action of external force.

关 键 词：蒸发器 无缝铜管 泄漏原因 腐蚀 

分 类 号：TQ051.6[化学工程]